Wonders of the World
In this podcast, we'll visit 200 Wonders of the World, from the Pyramids to the Great Barrier Reef, to tell the story of our people, our civilization, and our planet. My name is Caroline Vahrenkamp, and I'm a travel junkie. The world is filled with amazing places that reflect the greatest achievements of human accomplishment. In these uncertain times, understanding our great shared history may help to bridge the divides between us. And if not, it will be a fun ride anyway! We'll discuss the history of each place and the story of the men and women who lived there. We'll...
S12 E107 · Fri, April 11, 2025
107 - Gustavus Adolphus and the Aurora Borealis
Perhaps the most ethereal and beautiful astronomical sight available to regular old humans, the auroras borealis and australis, the Northern and Southern Lights have amazed and inspired us for our whole existence on earth. One of the better places to see the Northern Lights is northern Sweden, and this episode covers the five years in which Sweden was the dominant military force on the planet: the brief, happy campaign of Gustavus Adolphus. We'll discuss his triumphs, his disasters, and his impact on the Thirty Years War. Listener Krister Torneke returns to talk about his home country - he'll be back next month as well! And of course, we make Swedish meatballs! Extra bonus points if you find all the ABBA references!
Bonus · Fri, February 07, 2025
Come See Me at Intelligent Speech Online!
February 8th! Got to https://intelligentspeechonline.com/ for tickets! And use the promo code WONDERS to get 10% off! It'll be great!
S12 E106 · Thu, January 16, 2025
106 - The Valley of the Middle Rhine and the 30 Years War
The Rhine River flows through the heartland of western Germany, through a gorge passing an average of one castle per mile. Reisling vineyards, charming villages, and castle after castle after castle surround you as you drift along the river. But almost 400 years ago, this idyllic valley was caught up in the most devestating war in pre-20th century European history. In this episode, we'll cover the first two stages of the Thirty Years War, focusing not on the battles, but on the people who made the decisions that caused this calamity to unfold. In particular, we'll focus on Frederick II, Elector of the Palatinate, and his questionable, if heartfelt, choice to take the crown of Bohemia. We'll also visit with Ferdinand II of Austria and Christian IV of Denmark, and many others! And of course, we'll enjoy sauerbraten, while I tell the sad tale of my 1998 trip to Germany. Das was nicht sehr gut!
S12 E105 · Thu, October 24, 2024
105 - Český Krumlov and the Defenestration of Prague
Nestled on a bend of the Vltava River, the beautiful town of Český Krumlov is one of the best preserved medieval towns in Europe. It's also the site of a horrific true crime! (Oo, let's get those true crime junkies in on this!) Rudolf II had troubles, and the mental illness of his son Julius only adds to the load. But the decline and fall of Rudolf II and the murder of Markéta Pichlerová is only part of the story. We're also going to talk about the Defenestration of Prague, one of the defining moments in European history and the event that kicked off the first Great War of the early modern era. Melissa Joulwan of the Strong Sense of Place podcast - a podcast dedicated to literary travel and books with vivid settings - returns to talk about visiting Český Krumlov and eating so many delicious Czech foods, including wild bluebery dumplings! Photograph by Jorge Valenzuela CC: 4.0
S12 E104 · Thu, September 19, 2024
104 - The Old New Synagogue of Prague and the Golem
They say a giant man of clay sits in the attic, waiting for centuries for his instructions. The story of the Golem in Prague is one of the classics of western storytelling, yet did you know that the temple where the Golem is rumored to be is a real place? The Old New Synagogue, one of the oldest active synagogues in the world, sits in the heart of Josefov, Prague's Jewish district. In this episode, we'll talk about Holy Roman Emperor Rudolf II, who ruled from Prague, and his fascination with astronomy, alchemy, and mystiticism. We'll discuss the fascinating people he surrounded himself with, including Chief Rabbi, Kabbalah Expert, and supposed Golem-maker Judah Loew. Joining me for this episode is Melissa Joulwan, one of the hosts of Strong Sense of Place — a podcast and website dedicated to literary travel and books with vivid settings. Melissa has lived in Prague for seven years and shares her favorite spots and treats, including větrníky, glorious caramel cream puffs.
S12 E103 · Thu, August 01, 2024
103 - The Leaning Tower of Pisa and Galileo Galilei
You've seen it on a million pizza boxes, in a thousand Italian restaurants, and in photos of your Dad pretending to hold it up. It's the Leaning Tower! Why does it lean? And why is it so gracefully elegant in its leaning? Most of this episode, however, is about the most famous person to be associated with the tower: the astronomer Galileo. Did he really drop weights from the tower? Probably not. But he did change our entire perception of the universe, and his story involves an astronomical arms race. And of course the Inquisition. You never expect the Inquisition... We'll also talk about ragú bolognese, the classic sauce from the nearby region of Emilia-Romagna. Why pick bolognese instead of another Tuscan dish? Reasons.
S12 E102 · Fri, May 31, 2024
The Harmandir Sahib of Amritsar and the Beginning of Sikhism
The youngest of the world's seven largest religions is Sikhism, founded in Punjab in the 16th century. Nanak, a guru, or teacher, from outside Lahore, spent three days lost along a river and returned with an undestanding of one God: the Ultimate Reality. Nanak created a religion founded on equality, service, and openness, yet his successors would soon find themselves under attack from vested interests, particularly the Mughal Empire. In this episide, we visit the Golden Temple, or Harmandir Sahib, their holiest shrine. It is a brilliantly gorgeous golden temple surrounded by a tranquil pool, visited by a steady stream of devoted Sikhs. We'll recount some of the challenges the Sikhs have faced, challenges which have made them fiercely willing to defend their people and their faith. And of course, we'll include that most famous Punjabi dish: tandoori chicken, or at least as close as we can come without an actual tandoor!
S12 E101 · Thu, April 25, 2024
The Uffizi Gallery of Florence and Cosimo I de' Medici
One of the world's great museums of Renaissance art: the Uffizi. Meaning "the offices," the Uffizi were quite literally built as an office buidling for the growing administration of Cosimo I de' Medici, the first Grand Duke of Tuscany, the leader who brought authoritarian rule, if also stablity, to Florence. Bry Rayburn from the Pontifacts podcast, joins me once again to talk about Cosimo, her historic bae, the great museum, and the rest of his legacy. We also talk about our old friend Giorgio Vasari, author, artist and architect, a true Renaissance man. And of course, ribollita, that classic Tuscan white bean stew!
Bonus · Mon, April 08, 2024
The Total Solar Eclipse of 2024
A quick bonus episode about how eclipses connect with human history
S12 E99 · Thu, March 21, 2024
The Meenakshi Amman Temple of Madurai and the Fall of Vijayanagar
Towering above the city of Madurai, the gopurams or gateways of the Meenakshi Amman Temple are medieval skyscrapers, awash in color, writhing in movement, beautiful and otherworldly at the same time. In this episode we'll discuss the rise of the Mughal Empire, the fall of Vijayanagara, and of course, masala dosa, that most incredible of South Indian streetfoods.
S12 E100 · Thu, September 07, 2023
100 - The Wieliczka Salt Mine and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
In the late 1500s Poland and Lithuania joined to create the Commonwealth, a remarkable, if flawed, experiment in constitutional monarchy that would last more than 200 years. Its legacy of religious tolerance and representative republicanism is strangely overlooked in American history books - and I would guess in other histories as well. One of the chief economic engines of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was the Wielizcka Salt Mine, an amazing wonder delved over 700 years. To visit Wieliczka is to be amazed at the artistry of salt sculptures and impressed by the sheer cheesiness of all the salty dwarves. So many salty dwarves. Or maybe they're gnomes... Finally, let's grab some friends and make pierogis!
S12 E98 · Tue, August 15, 2023
098 - The Süleymaniye Mosque of Istanbul and Suleiman the Magnificent
Suleiman the Magnificent? Suleiman the Lawgiver? Suleiman the Bisexual Poet? No matter how you label him, Suleiman was a fascinating sultan of the Ottoman Empire who strode upon the world stage, and his private life was worthy of a scandalous Netflix show. Among his greatest legacies was commissioning this phenomenal mosque, designed by Mimar Sinan, one of the history's most successul and significant architects. Listener and traveler Emma Browning returns to discuss visiting the mosque and Istanbul and trying to find vegetarian food in a city known for its meat and seafood. Grab some Turkish delight and enjoy!
S11 E97 · Thu, February 09, 2023
Machu Picchu and the Rise and Fall of the Inca
The world-famous "lost city of the Inca". It wasn't a city, and it wasn't lost, but yes, it was made by the Inca. The incredibly scenic former estate of kings is a true marvel, as I can personally attest, but this episode is about so much more than the ruins that people come from all over the world to see. Joined by Nick Machinski of the History of the Inca Empire podcast, we talk about the dramatic rise and fall of the Inca Empire, their staunch resistance to Spanish conquest, and the wonders that might have been, like the gold-covered Qoriqancha. Listener and friend of the pod Jesse Oppenheim shares his breathless experience visiting Peru as well. And if you haven't had lomo saltado, you should fix that. Photo by Allard Schmidt
Bonus · Wed, December 07, 2022
Mental Health Hiatus
It's all too much for me to take - the Beatles, 1969
S11 E96 · Thu, August 18, 2022
096 - The Humble Administrator's Garden of Suzhou
He was from the richest city in Ming China, or one of the richest, and after his checkered political career, he came home and planted a garden. 500 years later, we can still visit his garden and marvel at the humility of Wang Xianchen, the Humble Administrator. This episode is a pleasant diversion beforewe get back to the big stories. And we'll have Suzhou "smoked" fish while we're here! Sources: Clunas, Craig. Fruitful Sites: Garden Culture in Ming Dynasty China Lonely Planet China Photograph CC4.0 by wikicommons user Another Believer
S11 E95 · Thu, July 14, 2022
The Migration of the Monarch Butterflies and the Conquest of Mexico
Monarch butterflies are tiny, ephemeral creatures, whose audacious color patterns makes them beloved across a continent, yet few realize how remarkable their migration from Canada and the US to their winter ground west of Mexico City really is. Listener Livia Montovani joins us to talk about visiting the mountain reserves where hundreds of millions of butterflies spend their winter. We'll also cover the conquest of Mexico and the personalities involved, from Motecuhzoma of the Mexica to Cortés of Spain to the controversial role of la Malinche, the formerly enslaved woman who translated for the Spainiards. It's a story with no heroes, but it needs to be told. And we'll make carnitas at home with salsa verde! Sources: Baumle, Kylee, The monarch: Saving our Most-Loved Butterfly Dennis, Peter. Tenochtitlan 1519-21: Clash of Civilizations Diáz dl Castillo, Bernal. The True History of the Conquest of New Spain Dykman, Sara. Bicycling with Butterflies: My 10,201-mile Journey Following the Monarch MMigration Fehrenbach, T.R. Fire & Blood: a History of Mexico Keeling, Stephen et al. The Rough Guide to Mexico Levy, Buddy. Conquistador: Hernán Cortés, King Montezuma, and the Last Stand of the Aztecs Sainsbury, Brendan et al. Lonely Planet Mexico Photograph by pendens proditor CC 2.0
Bonus · Sun, June 12, 2022
Update and Intelligent Speech
A brief update about the show!
S11 E94 · Thu, April 28, 2022
Chambord Chateau and François I
Just a little 440-room hunting lodge built among other chateaux in France's Loire Valley, Chambord is the grand dame of them all. Built for François Ier, it betrays the influence of the Italian Renaissance, specifically of Leonardo da Vinci, François' teacher and mentor. Gary Girod, host of the French History Podcast, joins us to discuss François and his place in French history, while listener Sarah Demetz shares her experience visiting the chateau and the Loire. Plus fish in a lovely white butter sauce! Sources: Horne, Alistair. Seven Ages of Paris Isaacson, Walter. Leonardo da Vinci Nuland, Sherwin B. Leonardo da Vinci Price, Roger. A Concise History of France Rick Steves Loire Valley Vasari, Giorgio. Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects Photograph by Patrick Giraud CC 3.0
S11 E93 · Thu, March 31, 2022
Vatican City and Michelangelo and the Renaissance Popes
The largest episode on the smallest country. It's the city-state home of the Catholic Church, a neighborhood of Rome, home to some of the greatest art in the western world. In the early 16th century, the Catholic Church began to turn Rome into a capital glorious enough to serve as the capital of Christendom, and in the process, the popes drove Christendom apart. And Michelangelo was there the whole way. Bry Rayburn from the Pontifacts podcast joins us to talk about some of the most epic popes in history, from Alexander VI to Paul IV: the good, the bad, and the ugly. We talk about Michelangelo, the role of the papal patrons, Martin Luther, the Swiss Guard, and so much more! Plus a mysterious pasta recipe from the Vatican cookbook! Sources: Beck, James H. Three Worlds of Michelangelo Buonarroti, Michelangelo. Michelangelo's Notebooks: The Poetry, Letters, and Art of the Great Master Cahill, Thomas. Heretics and Heroes: How Renaissance Artists and Reformation Priests Created Our World Garwood, Duncan. Lonely Planet Rome Graham-Dixon, Andrew. Michelangelo and the Sistine Chapel Phillips, Charles. The Illustrated History of the Popes: An Authoritative Guide to the Lives and Works of the Popes of the Catholic Church, with 450 Images Rick Steves Rome 2020 Rome, Insights Guide s Scotti, R.A. Basilica: The Splendor and the Scandal: Building St. Peter's The Pontifical Swiss Guard. The Vatican Cookbook: Presented by the Pontifical Swiss Guard: 500 Years of Classic Recipes, Papal Tributes, & Exclusive Images Wallace, William E. Michelangelo: The Artist, the Man and His Times
S11 E92 · Thu, March 10, 2022
The Hieronymites Monastery of Lisbon and Vasco da Gama
The enormous church on the banks of the Tejo, carved with ropes and knots and anchors as though it were going to sea itself, represents the vast wealth and untold adventure of Portugal's Age of Discovery. Portuguese king Manuel I commissioned the monastery upon learning of the success of Vasco da Gama's first expedition to India, the longest sea voyage undertaken to that time, a voyage that would seal the fate of three continents. For good and ill. Listener Maria Fernandes joins to talk about her home country, and we wax nostalgic on the pleasures of Portugal, a country I very much like, including my favorite dessert of all time: pastéis de Belém. Sources: Clark, Gregor. Lonely Planet: Portugal Cliff, Nigel. The Last Crusade: The Epic Voyages of Vasco da Gama Payne, Stanley G. A History of Spain and Portugal Taborda, Joana. Lisbon Photograph by Concierge.2C (CC BY-SA 3.0)
S11 E91 · Thu, January 20, 2022
The Great Mosque of Djenné and the Songhai Empire
The best example of Sahelian mud-brick architecture, the great mosque seems like a sandcastle rising from the Niger Inland Delta in Mali. Originally built in the early days of the Mali Empire, the mosque also connects with the Songhai, Africa's largest and strongest empire, whose collapse came at key moment in world history. We'll follow the fates of two great kings and see how choices made in the early 1500s echo today. And we'll eat tiguedegana, a peanut tomato stew that is just so freaking delicious. Sources: Abd Al-Rahman Al-Sa’di. Tarikh al-sudan Davidson, Basil, et al. A History of West Africa to the Nineteenth Century Dorsey, James Michael. “Mud and infidels: Djenné, Mali” in the San Diego Reader Dubois, Félix. Notre beau Niger… French, Howard W. Born in Blackness: Africa, Africans, and the Making of the Modern World, 1471 to the Second World War . Ibn Mukhtar. Tarikh al-fattash Lonely Planet West Africa Meredith, Martin. T he Fortunes of Africa: A 5000-year History of Wealth, Greed, and Endeavour Reader, John. Africa: A Biography of the Continent Wilson, Joe. “In search of Askia Mohammed: The epic of Askia Mohammed as cultural history and Songhay foundational myth” Photograph by Francesco Bandarin CC 3.0
S11 E90 · Thu, January 06, 2022
The Bioluminescent Bay of Puerto Mosquito and the Columbian Exchange
Officially, this episode is on the amazing glowing algae living in the waters of three of Puerto Rico's bays, most notably Puerto Mosquito on Vieques, one of Puerto Rico's smaller islands. Listener and boriqueño native Roberto Cancel describes swimming in the bay on a dark night, surrounded by glowing blue waters. But most of the episode is devoted to perhaps the most important event in world history: 1493. Not 1492, but 1493. That's the year when Christopher Columbus returned to the Americas, not as an explorer, but as a conqueror. We discuss (and really only scratch the surface of) the impact of this second voyage. It's only the beginning, because every episode to come will exist in the new world (pun intended) created by this event. And we have shrimp mofongo, a boriqueño specialty that blends European, African, and American in a way that exemplifies the new global world. Sources: Bergreen, Laurence. Columbus: the Four Voyages Diamond, Jared. Germs, Guns, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies Fodor’s Puerto Rico Loewen, James W. Lies My Teacher Told Me: Everything your American History Textbook Got Wrong Mann, Charles C. 1491: New Revelations of the Americas Before Columbus Mann, Charles C. 1493: Uncovering the New World Columbus Created Photograph by Edgar Torres CC 3.0
S10 E89 · Thu, December 23, 2021
The Kremlin of Moscow and the Beginnings of the Russian Empire
The once and future political center of Russia, the brick-walled Kremlin dates from the Middle Ages, but received its boost when a Byzantine refugee princess married an ambitious Muscovite prince, and together they created a fortress that would one day serve a superpower. Dr Charles Ward, professor emeritus of Foreign Languages and Literatue at the University of Wisconsin Milwaukee shares his thoughts of the rise of Moscow under Ivan III and Sofiya Palaeologina and the construction of the Kremlin we see today, while listener Geoff Kozen discusses visiting Moscow, from the Kremlin to the subway stations. Plus borscht! Perfect for a cold winter night when you're craving beets. Sources: Merridale, Catherine. Red Fortress: History and Illusion in the Kremlin Plokhy, Serhii . Lost Kingdom: The Quest for Empire and the Making of the Russian Nation, from 1470 to the Present Sixsmith, Martin. Russia: A 1,000-year Chronicle of the Wild East Voorhees, Mara. Lonely Planet Moscow Photograph cc:4.0 by wikipedia user Ludvig14
S10 E88 · Fri, November 12, 2021
The Tower of London and the Princes in the Tower
Is it the world's most famous prison? Or a magnificent medieval castle steeped in history? The Tower has stood over London since the days of William the Conqueror and still amazes today. Its most famous story is that of the princes: Edward the V and his younger brother, killed in the Tower. But by whom? And how? It's a True Crime! episode. Graham Duke and Ali Hood from the Rex Factor podcast join us to discuss the theories, while listener Kassia Bailey shares insights into visiting both the Tower and the East End. For food, we'll of course discuss pie and mash, liquor and eels, but chances are you'll prefer our recipe for a true British classic: chicken tikka masala. Sources: Benham, William. The Tower of London Caird, Jo. Fodor’s London 2020 Fields, Bertram. Royal Blood: Richard III and the Mystery of the Princes Langley, Philippa and Michale Jones. The King’s Grave: the Discovery of Richard III's Lost Burial Place and the Clues It Holds Skaife, Christopher. The Ravenmaster: My Life With the Ravens at the Tower of London Rick Steves London 2020 Weir, Alison. The Princes in the Tower Weir, Alison. The Wars of the Roses Photograph by Wikipedia user Teseum
Bonus · Thu, November 04, 2021
Where the Heck Is Caroline?
A quick apology for the delay in the next episode
S10 E87 · Thu, September 16, 2021
The Topkapi Palace of Istanbul and the Ottoman Conquest of Constantinople
It stands on a promontory jutting into the Bosphorus, a pleasure palace of sultans and their harem. Its tiled walls, fountains and pools are sumptuous legacies of the Ottoman Empire. 1453 marks the final fall of the Roman Empire and the ascendency of the Ottomans, led by Mehmet the Conqueror, the 21 year old who took the city with an audacious military strategy. Rosa Hayes of the History of the Ottoman Empire joins us to talk about Mehmet and Constantine IX, the final Byzantine Emperor. And listener Roberto Cancel returns to discuss visiting the palace and Mehmet's Grand Bazaar. Plus baklava! Sources: Duducu, Jem. The Sultans: the Rise and Fall of the Ottoman Rulers and Their World Herrin, Judith. Byzantium: the Surprising Life of a Medieval Empire Hughes, Bettany. Istanbul: a Tale of Three Cities Maxwell, Virginia. Lonely Planet Istanbul Norwich, John Julius. Byzantium: the Decline and Fall Wheatcroft, Andrew. The Ottomans Photograph © A.Savin, WikiCommons
Trailer · Thu, August 26, 2021
Introduction
Welcome to the Wonders of the World! In this podcast, we'll visit the Earth's great places to tell the story of our people, our civilization, and our planet. From history to travel and even to food, we'll examine what makes us great and what makes us human. This NEWLY REVISED (as of August 2021) introductory episode covers where we'll go, why we'll go there, and what our plan will be.
S10 E86 · Thu, August 19, 2021
Shwedagon Pagoda of Yangon and Shin Sawbu
Like a giant bell covered in gold, Shwedagon Pagoda lords over Yangon, Myanmar (Burma)'s skyline. Its story is much like Burma's: elusive, mysterious. Shin Sawbu was a princess of the southern kingdom of Hanthawaddy Pegu. Through an exciting life documented by practically nobody, she rose to become queen and then in retirement to bring the gold to the great pagoda. In this episode, we attempt as best we can to piece together her story and we make a Burmese curry while we're at it. Sources: Victoria and Albert Museum website Wikifreakingpedia Duguid, Naomi. Burma: Rivers of Flavor Lonely Planet Myanmar Insights Guide Myanmar Photograph by Marcin Konsek / Wikimedia Commons / CC BY-SA 4.0
S10 E85 · Thu, July 22, 2021
The Registan of Samarkand and Ulugh Beg, the Astronomer-King
Ulugh Beg was the Astronomer King of Samarkand, who in one of the richest cities of the Silk Road, built a madrassa and observatory to chart the stars. Wonderful astronomer. Not much of a king. His madrassa though stands on, one of the three grand buildings of the Registan square. Scott Chesworth of the Ancient World and Nadeem Ahmad of Eran ud Turan both visited Uzbekistan just before the pandemic, and they join us with tales of gorgeous tilework, empty museums, and more plov (Uzbek rice pilaf) than you can imagine. Bradley, Chris. The Silk Road Carter, Jamie. “The Tragic Story Of The Man Who Unlocked The Universe” in Forbes Ibbotson, Sophie. Uzbekistan : the Bradt travel guide Krisciunas, Kevin. "Ulugh Beg's Zij," in H. B. Paksoy, ed., Central Asian Monuments . Manz, Beatrice Forbes. Power, Politics and Religion in Timurid Iran Waugh, Daniel C. “Ulugh Beg and His Observatory” in Silk Road Seattle Photograph by Euyasik, @Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0
S10 E84 · Thu, July 01, 2021
The Duomo of Florence and the Birth of the Renaissance
It's the largest masonry dome ever built, its terracotta curves dominating the Florence skyline. The story of how that dome was built is the story of the birth of the Renaissance. But the real story is that of the artists, the petty, bickering, intensely human geniuses: the secretive, bitter Filippo Brunelleschi and the social climbing, self-promoting Lorenzo Ghiberti, not to mention their friends like Donatello. Yes. That Donatello. They bicker and feud and bring Florence new perspectives. Bry Rayburn of the Pontifacts Podcast comes by to talk about her favorite city in the whole world. We share our experiences and love of stracciatella gelato. Plus bistecca alla fiorentina. PS - Despite this being my longest episode, I still completely failed to mention that the name of the cathedral is Santa Maria del Fiore: Saint Mary of the Flower, which sounds so nice. So there you go. Sources: Hollingsworth, Mary. The Family Medici: The Hidden History of the Medici Dynasty King, Ross. Brunelleschi’s Dome: How a Renaissance Genius Reinvented Architecture Perry, Susannah. Fodor's 25 Best: Florence Rick Steves Italy 2020 Walker, Paul Robert. The Feud That Sparked the Renaissance: How Brunelleschi and Ghiberti Changed the Art World Photograph by Grueslayer @Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0
S10 E83 · Fri, May 28, 2021
The Karst Islands of Halong Bay and Lê Lợi
It's one of the most glorious seascapes on earth: thousands of limestone pillars rising from the bay, clothed in jungle green. Listener Emma Browning, who was literally just there, shares her experiences cruising among the islands and even shares the real-life sounds of the bay. When I say Vietnam, most Americans expect an episode on the US-Vietnam War of the 1960s, but no, I'm going to discuss another superpower's invasion of the land of the Viet and their subsequent failure against Vietnamese resistance and guerilla warfare. Yes, the Yongle Emperor is getting Robert McNamara'd into submission, this time by Vietnamese nobleman turned freedom fighter Lê Lợi There are magic swords, marketing guys with water metaphors, and so much more. Finally, we get my personal story of Vietnamese catfish. And in honor of that, I give you cá kho tộ, catfish caramelized in a clay pot. It is maybe my favorite thing to eat ever. Sources: Filek-Gibson, Dana. Vietnam (Moon Guide) Goscha, Christopher E. Vietnam: A New History Kiernan, Ben. Viet Nam Stewart, Iain. Lonely Planet Vietnam Viet Vision Travel “Vietnamese Legend: The Lake of the Restored Sword” Photograph and audio samples courtesy of Emma Browning
S10 E82 · Thu, May 13, 2021
The Forbidden City of Beijing and the Voyages of Zheng He
It's unfathomably huge. The Forbidden City, a city within the city, and the Yongle emperor's crowning achievement, is almost too big to comprehend. 8,886 rooms, nearly 135 football fields in area, it's huge. The Yongle Emperor also sent out Zheng He and the Ming Treasure Fleet to exert China's superpower influence across Asia and even to Africa. Chris Stewart from the History of China podcast returns to talk about the Forbidden City and the great naval voyages, while listener Jesse Oppenheim returns to discuss visiting the palace as well as sharing some Beijing taste treats, like Mao's favorite braised pork belly. Sources: Bedford, Donald. China (DK Eyewitness) Fodor's Essential China Haw, Stephen G. A Traveller's History of China Humphreys, Andrew. Top 10 Beijing Keay, John. China: a History Wood, Michael. The Story of China: The Epic History of A World Power From the Middle Kingdom to Mao and the China Dream Photograph by Asadal
Bonus · Mon, May 10, 2021
The Floating Rock Gardens of Ryloth
A Star Wars special! For May 4, 2021, I contributed a mini-episode for the No Redeeming Qualities podcast's annual Star Wars Day special. To spare you having to listen to 30 minutes of grown men complaining about the sequel trilogy, I'm offering this to you. In the early days of the Clone Wars, separatist forces were on their way to conquer Ryloth, an important trading point in the outer rim. One man would lead the Republic garrison: Jedi Master Ima-Gun Di. While on Ryloth, Master Di would visit the remarkable Floating Rock Garden, a uniquely powerful place, where the force of the wind makes the impossible real. And if you're on Ryloth, only the best Gruuvan Shaal Kebabs will do. Sources: Star Wars: Clone Wars , episode 3.3 - "Supply Lines" Monroe-Cassel, Chelsea and Marc Sumerak. Star Wars: Galaxy's Edge: The Official Black Spire Outpost Cookbook The Holocron wiki for Star Wars Combine online simulation
S10 E81 · Thu, April 22, 2021
The Temple of Heaven of Beijing and the Yongle Emperor
A majestic pavilion crowned in blue, the Temple of Heaven stands as one of the crowning architectural triumphs of the Yongle Emperor, a man responsible for three wonders. In this episode, we trace the origins of the Yongle Emperor. Chris Stewart from the History of China podcast appears to take us on a whirlwind adventure that took his father from being an orphaned beggar in Anhui to emperor of all China. In the process, we discuss his rather unique brand of paranoia, and the path by which his son proved himself to be a chip off the old block. In addition, listener Jesse Oppenheim returns to discuss visiting Beijing and the Temple and of course, eating Peking Duck, which you can't make at home. So instead we try zhajiangmian. This one gets a bit crazy! Enjoy! Sources: Bedford, Donald. China (DK Eyewitness) Fodor's Essential China Haw, Stephen G. A Traveller's History of China Humphreys, Andrew. Top 10 Beijing Keay, John. China: a History Wood, Michael. The Story of China: The Epic History of A World Power From the Middle Kingdom to Mao and the China Dream Photograph by John Joh
S10 E80 · Thu, April 01, 2021
Malbork Castle and Jagiełło vs the Teutonic Knights
The largest brick castle of its day sits along the delta of the Vistula, a testament to the power and prestige of the order of crusading knights who built it. The Teutonic Order, from their castle at Marienburg, sought to Christianize and "civilize" the heathens of the Baltic. In this episode, we'll investigate the knights' relationship to its neighbors, Poland and Lithuania, united under the crown of Władysław Jagiełło, and the great but stupid war that broke out between them. And listener Rafał Źukowski drops by to talk about visiting the castle, other sights in Northern Poland, and of course food! Sources: Bousfield, Jonathan. DK Eyewitness Poland Čapaitė, Rūta. “The Topic of Health in the Letters of Grand Duke Vytautas of Lithuania and His Contemporaries.” in Lithuanian Historical Studies Emery, Anthony “Malbork Castle - Poland” in The Castle Studies Group Journal No 21 Palmer, Alan. The Baltic: A New History of the Region and Its Peoples Sunkara, Lavanya. “Take A Look Inside The World’s Largest Brick Fortress In Poland” in Forbes Urban, William. The Last Years of the Teutonic Knights Photograph by Gregy
Bonus · Mon, March 15, 2021
Just Like Starting Over
A bonus episode introducing the new host of Wonders of the World
S9 E79 · Mon, March 15, 2021
Kinkaku-ji of Kyoto and the Start of the Ashikaga Shogunate
Its gold walls reflected in the pond at its feet, the Temple of the Golden Pavilion, Kinkaku-ji, is glorious in any season. It was originally the retirement villa of Ashikaga Yoshimitsu, former shogun and patron of the arts. How Yoshimitsu was able to be shogun is a story from some decades before, a story of betrayal, revolutions, and lots of samurai warriors committing ritual suicide. Listener Jaime discussing seeing the temple in various seasons, as well as the experience of visiting Kyoto itself. Also, somehow Drew makes it through an entire episode on Kyoto only mentioning geisha once, and that's in the opening song lyrics. They make up for it with all the good food, including okonomiyagi, "Japanese pancakes". NB: Drew makes an important announcement at the end of the episode. Sources: Dougill, John. Japan’s World Heritage Sites Miller, David. Samurai Warriors Milner, Rebecca. Lonely Planet Japan Photograph by Pedro Szekely
S9 E78 · Sat, February 20, 2021
The Monasteries of Meteora and John V Palaeologos
Stunning medieval monasteries perched on infinitely steep precipices, the monasteries of Meteora are sanctuaries in the sky. But what happened in Byzantium to convince monks to seek solitude in such forbidding locales? Stories of the collapse of Constantinople typically focus on the end, in 1453, but the fall really begins much earlier than that, fueled in many ways by the sheer incompetence of John V Palaeologos, the second longest serving Roman emperor, whose reign was a constant barrage of humiliations. He managed to be put in prison on four different occasions! While we explore this fascinating loser, listener Roberto describes his trip to see the great monasteries in north central Greece, and we discuss dolmades, stuffed grape leaves. Sources: Fodor’s Essential Greece Gibbons, Herbert Adams. The Foundation of the Ottoman Empire: a History of the Osmanlis up the the Death of Bayezid I (1300-1403) Herrin, Judith. Byzantium: The Surprising Life of A Medieval Empire Luttrell, Anthony. “John V's Daughters: A Palaiologan Puzzle.” Dumbarton Oaks Papers Norwich, John Julius. Byzantium: The Decline and Fall Treadgold, Warren. A Concise History of Byzantium Photograph by LucT
S9 E77 · Thu, January 28, 2021
The Alhambra of Granada and the Reign of Muhammad V
Nestled in the mountains of southwestern Andalucia, Granada's magnificent Alhambra palace represents the last hurrah of Moorish architecture in Spain, but what a last hurrah! Delicate and intricate, the Alhambra feels like something from a dream. This episode, I talk about Muhammad V, who survived a coup, exile, murderous intrigue and cruel allies to inspire and create the most splendid part of the Alhambra. Fun with assassinations! And I'll talk about my favorite food on earth: jamón ibérico. And tortilla española for the vegetarians. The Alhambra is my favorite place on the list, and I hope my enthusiasm comes through. Sources: Fernández-Puertas, Antonio. “The Three Great Sultans of Al-Dawla Al-Ismā'īliyya Al-Naṣriyya Who Built the Fourteenth-Century Alhambra: Ismā'īl I, Yūsuf I, Muḥammad V (713-793/1314-1391).” Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society , vol. 7, no. 1, 1997, pp. 1–25. Irving, Washington. The Alhambra Lowney, Chris. A Vanished World: Medieval Spain's Golden Age of Enlightenment Menocal, Maria Rosa. The Ornament of the World: How Muslims, Jews, and Christians Created A Culture of Tolerance in Medieval Spain Noble, Isabella. Lonely Planet Andalucía Photograph by Oscarmu90
S9 E76 · Thu, January 14, 2021
Cologne Cathedral and the Black Death
It was the world's tallest building, 632 years after work started: an exercise in persistence. Cologne Cathedral is a Gothic masterpiece. Cologne itself is a good place to tell the story of the 13th century's great disaster: the Black Death, and the social upheaval it brought, including the pogroms that swept through the Rhineland. Willem Fromm of the History of Cologne podcast brings a local perspective to his home city, its magnificent cathedral and its 2000 years of history. And beer! And potato soup! Sources: Di Duca, Marc. Lonely Planet Germany Kelly, John. The Great Mortality: An Intimate History of the Black Death, the Most Devastating Plague of All Time Orent, Wendy. Plague: The Mysterious Past and Terrifying Future of the World's Most Dangerous Disease Ozment, Steven E. A Mighty Fortress: A New History of the German People Rick Steves Germany Photo by Nikolai Karaneschev
S9 E75 · Thu, December 24, 2020
Bali and the Majapahit Empire
A Hindu island in the world's largest majority Muslim country, Bali is world-renowned for its natural and cultural beauty. But underneath the surfing and partying and rituals is the last bastion of an empire that once ruled all of Indonesia. Gajah Mada was the prime minister for Queen Gitarja of the Majapahit dynasty, and together, they united the islands. That is, until a wedding massacre sent it all spiraling. Tracy deLuca of the Results May Vary podcast describes her experience in Bali, where she got married! And we talk food, including sucking pig and fried rice. Sources: Coedès, George. The Indianized States of Southeast Asia. DK Eyewitness. Bali and Lombok Lonely Planet Bali, Lombok and Nusa Tenggara The Nagarakretagama Odorico, da Pordenone. Cathay and the way thither: being a collection of medieval notices of China (Translated by Sir Henry Yule and Henri Cordier) The Pararaton Photograph by chensiyuan
S9 E74 · Thu, November 26, 2020
The Madrassas of Timbuktu and Mansa Musa
Some call him the richest person in human history. Whether that's true, Mansa Musa of Mali shook up the world with his gold-laden hajj through Cairo and his university in Timbuktu. That city at the edge of the Sahara might seem like the furthest place on earth, but it was a remarkable center of learning, home to as many as 700,000 manuscripts. Cody Michaels from the History Unwritten podcast comes by to talk about Musa, his gold, and his famous journey to Mecca, as well as how African history is so much more than what we're commonly taught. Plus poulet yassa! Sources: Baxter, Joan. "Africa's 'greatest explorer'" in BBC News Bell, Nawal Morcos. "The Age of Mansa Musa of Mali: Problems in Succession and Chronology" in The International Journal of African Historical Studies Coleman de Graft-Johnson, John. "Mūsā I of Mali" in Encyclopaedia Britannica Hamidullah, Mohammed. "Echos of What Lies Behind the ‘Ocean of Fogs’" in M uslim Historical Narratives Levtzion, N. "The Thirteenth- and Fourteenth-Century Kings of Mali" in The Journal of African History Mohamud, Naima. "Is Mansa Musa the richest man who ever lived?" in BBC Africa Sogoba, Mia. "Mansa Musa: the Rejected Ruler of the Mali Empire?" in Culture of West Africa Photograph by Francesco Bandarin
S3 E20 · Sun, November 15, 2020
The Staircases of Persepolis and the Rise of the Achaemenids
East vs West? Maybe. We're off to Iran to greet the rise of the Persian Achaemenid Empire, the world's greatest by this point in history. Between Cyrus and Darius, we'll deal with two Great rulers, but we've also got medieval Iranian love poetry, unappetizing royal banquets, Croesus making bad decisions, and kebabs! ` Even better, Yentl from theQueerClassicist.com comes by to bring her knowledge of Achaemenid Persia, as we climb the magnificent staircases of Persepolis.
S9 E73 · Sat, November 07, 2020
The Canals and Belfries of Bruges and the Battle of the Golden Spurs
Note: This episode contains a bit of profanity. The swampy county of Flanders was the richest part of Europe in the 14th century, fueled by the international cloth trade, and Bruges was the center of that trade, spinning English wool into Flemish cloth. The trade brought power to the craft guilds, and that power brought those guilds into conflict with the aristocracy, and ultimately, the king of France. In this episode, Manuel Van den Eycke of the Random History of Belgium Podcast joins us to examine the Bruges Matins, a worker-led uprising, and the subsequent Battle of the Golden Spurs. That victory, which nationalists have given connotations well beyond the intent of the participants. We also talk about Belgian food (the best), including chocolate, fries, beer, and waffles, with a recipe for Liege-style waffles that will bring a smile to your face. Belgium means so much to me, and I hope my enthusiasm shines through in this episode. Sources: Brown, Elizabeth, A.R. “Philip IV, King of France” in Encyclopedia Britannica “Enchanted Bruges” New York Times 2006 “The Rise and Fall of the Medieval Flemish Cloth Industry” DiscoveringBelgium.com Rick Steves Belgium: Bruges, Brussels, Antwerp & Ghent Thomson, Emma. Northern Belgium: Flanders With Brussels, Bruges, Ghent & Antwerp Photo by Hans Hillewaert
S9 E72 · Thu, October 22, 2020
The Great Wall of China and Khubilai Khan
It's a great wall. A really great wall. It also never really did its job. Among those who so easily moved past the Great Wall were the Mongols, and Khubilai Khan, Mongol conqueror of China and founder of the Yuan dynasty, is perhaps the best known Chinese emperor, even though he's maybe the least Chinese of them all. Thanks, Marco Polo. Joined by the phenomenal Chris Stewart of the History of China Podcast, we explore the wall, the Mongols, the Song Dynasty they vanquished, and Khubilai himself as he sat in his pleasure palace we know now as Xanadu. There's hot pot, Olivia Newton-John references, two different typhoons, and more fun than you can shake a bottle of fermented mare's milk at. Sources: Coleridge, Samuel Taylor. "Kubla Khan, or, a vision in a dream. A Fragment." de Rachewiltz, Igor. tr. The Secret History of the Mongols: A Mongolian Epic Chronicle of the Thirteenth Century Keay, John. China: a History Photograph by Severin.stalder
S9 E71 · Thu, September 24, 2020
The Cathedral of Our Lady of Chartres and Blanche of Castile
Chartres Cathedral and its magnificent stained glass represent perhaps the greatest achievement of the High Gothic. Its story is linked to that of Blanche of Castile, one of France's most powerful queens, and her son Louis IX, later Saint Louis. In this episode, we talk architecture, stained glass, and the use of color with listener and medieval studies scholar Chris Shanley. You'll also hear about how Blanche set Louis up for success, which he kinda sorta achieved. And because we all need some comfort food, let's cook up a croque madame. Sources: Ball, Philip. Universe of Stone: Chartres Cathedral and the Invention of the Gothic Branner, Robert ed. Chartres Cathedral Horne, Alistair. Seven Ages of Paris Scott, Robert A. The Gothic Enterprise: A Guide to Understanding the Medieval Cathedral Rick Steves France Williams, Nicola. Lonely Planet France Wilson, Christopher. The Gothic Cathedral: The Architecture of the Great Church, 1130-1530 Photograph by Wikipedia user PtrQs
S8 E70 · Thu, August 27, 2020
The Rock-Hewn Churches of Lalibela and Medieval Ethiopia
When you think of Ethiopia, you might think of famine in the 1980s. You might not think of a millenia-old culture, one of the powers of the ancient world. The ancient capital of Aksum, possible home of the Lost Ark, sits below mighty obelisks, testaments to the wealth still hidden below the city. In the middle ages, under the auspices of king Lalibela and with the alleged help of angels, workers carved remarkable churches by digging down directly into the rock. These rock-hewn churches still host Orthodox services, providing a powerful sense of faith. Listener Callum Barnes appears to discuss his travels in Ethiopia, from trying to see the Ark to being offered raw beef at a wedding in Addis Ababa. Plus making injera, the famous spongy bread that centers Ethiopia's wonderful cuisine. Sources: Carillet, Jean-Bernard and Anthony Ham. Lonely Planet Ethiopia & Djibouti Henze, Paul B. Layers of Time: a History of Ethiopia The Kebra Negast Photograph by Chuck Moravec
S8 E69 · Thu, August 06, 2020
The Grand Canal of Venice and the Fourth Crusade
In 1204, Christian crusaders sacked the world's largest Christian city, destroying or pillaging countless artifacts, books, and works of art. Some of those works of art ended up in the Most Serene Republic of Venice, for which 1204 represents the beginning of her dominance of the Mediterranean world. The story of how a canal-lined city in a marshy lagoon became a superpower and how cross-wearing soldiers wrecked Constantinople is a sometimes shocking tale, one that only makes sense when you consider the Sunk Cost Fallacy. We've already spent time, money or energy; we should just keep going. Vlad Zamfira from Wonderer's History Podcast joins us to discuss Venetian history and their role in the calamitous Fourth Crusade, while Kate Storm from ourescapeclause.com talks about her favorite city and how to escape the crowds. And of course, we'll talk about tiramisu. I think we can all agree we need some of that right about now. Sources: Hardy, Paula. Lonely Planet Venice & the Veneto Herrin, Judith. Byzantium: The Surprising Life of a Medieval Empire Madden, Thomas F. Venice: a New History McCart, Melissa. “The Mysterious Origins of Tiramisu, the Dessert That Took the ‘80s by Storm” in Eater Norwich, John Julius. Byzantium: the Decline and Fall Phillips, Jonathan. The Fourth Crusade and the Sack of Constantinople Rick Steves Venice Photograph by Bjoern Eisbaer Music by Antonio Vivaldi, performed by the Wichita State University Chamber Players, John Harrison, soloist.
S8 E68 · Thu, July 23, 2020
Mont-Saint-Michel and Eleanor of Aquitaine
The abbey on the lonely island rises from the tidal bay like a castle out of a Disney movie. Mont-Saint-Michel is one of France's best known sites, with a history to match. Some of that history connects with the story of one of medieval Europe's most renowned women: Eleanor of Aquitaine. Married first to King Louis of France and then King Henry of England, she and her family would both reach incredible heights and fail spectacularly, all while leaving stories that would echo throughout time. Maura Kanter from Historically Badass Broads talks about Eleanor and Louis, while Christine Caccipuoti from Footnoting History discusses her life with Henry and their sons. Listeners Emma and Laura reminisce on their visits to the Abbey. There's love, lust, disappointment, war, peace, murder, plausible deniability, and some truly horrible, horrible people. And crepes! It's the longest episode yet, but hopefully you'll find it worthwhile! Sources: Barber, Richard W. The Devil's Crown: A History of Henry II and His Sons de Torigny, Robert. The Chronicles of Robert de Monte Owen, D.D.R. Eleanor of Aquitaine: Queen and Legend Steves, Rick. Rick Steves France Weir, Alison. Eleanor of Aquitaine: a Life Williams, Nicola. Lonely Planet France Photograph by Amaustan
Bonus · Thu, June 25, 2020
Bonus - Your Questions, Answered
A quick break from the wonders narratives to answer many questions about Drew, the show, the wonders, food, travel and more! Find out which wonders missed the list, why there won't be a WotW cookbook, and why Drew has issues with "synergy" and "win-win" scenarios. Plus a new Demetrios Poliorcetes!
S8 E67 · Thu, June 11, 2020
The Djemaa el-Fna of Marrakesh and the Almohads
The greatest of squares throbs with life: the scent of spiced, roasted meat, the cacophony of voices and drums, the visual rainbow of color. The Djemaa el-Fna is everything and more. Its history reflects the great medieval golden age of Morocco under the Almoravid and Almohad dynasties, a golden age for prosperity but not necessarily for culture. Both dynasties began as fundamentalists determined to bring back religion to the libertine cities, and both eventually fell victim to cosmopolitan delights. But the story of Ibn Tumart and the Almohads has much to teach us about the intensity of extremism. The always brilliant Nitin Sil from Flashpoint History returns to discuss the rise and fall of the Almohads and their legacy in Spain, Morocco and beyond. And listener Jesse Oppenheim also comes back to discuss visiting the square. Plus there will be tagines! Photograph by Michal Osmenda
S8 E66 · Thu, April 23, 2020
Angkor Wat and the Khmer Empire
The Cambodian jungle hides one of the world's largest pre-industrial cities: Angkor. Highlighted by its magnificent main temple, Angkor Wat, the city's other monuments testify to the prosperity of the Khmer empire. Those other monuments, many still semi-ruined by the jungle, make for even more compelling travel than Angkor Wat itself. From Suryavarman's exploits in battle to Jayavarman VII's countless Buddha-like faces, Angkor's kings led a society built on pushing back the jungle, until the jungle finally won. Listener Jesse Oppenheim joins us to discuss visiting Angkor, learning from guides who survived the Khmer Rouge, and fighting through instagramming yogis. Plus, of course, food. Photograph by Gisling
S8 E65 · Thu, April 02, 2020
Monument Valley and the Ancestral Puebloans
Perhaps America's most famous landscape, Monument Valley and its fantastically shaped red-streaked buttes have starred in countless films and television shows. But its story truly hearkens to the people who have lived here for centuries: the Navajo, and before them, the Ancestral Puebloans. In this episode, we'll discuss how the Ancestral Puebloans rose and then collapsed, victims of social breakdown in the face of climate change, and how the legacy of colonial oppression lives on in the dish most commonly associated with the Navajo: fry bread and the Navajo taco. But despite those setbacks, the culture of the indigenous southwest lives on strong to this day. Sources: DuVal, Linda. “THE WRITING ON THE WALL; The Southwest: Mysterious and beautiful, the ancient petroglyphs and pictographs etched on canyons throughout Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah and Nevada speak to the eye and the soul.” in the Baltimore Sun frommers.com (Arizona and New Mexico) Kohler, Timothy A., Mark D. Varien, Aaron M. Wright and Kristin A. Kuckelman. “Mesa Verde Migrations: New archaeological research and computer simulation suggest why Ancestral Puebloans deserted the northern Southwest United States” in American Scientist Newitz, Annalee. “Conservatism took hold here 1,000 years ago. Until the people fled.” in the Washington Post . Schwindt, Dylan M., R. Kyle Bocinsky, Scott G. Ortman, Donna M. Glowacki, Mark D. Varien and Timothy A. Kohler. “The Social Consequences of Climate Change in the Central Mesa Verde Region.” in American Antiquity Woodhouse, Connie A., David M. Meko, Glen M. MacDonald, Dave W. Stahle, and Edward R. Cook. “A 1,200-year perspective of 21st century drought in southwestern North America” in PNAS Photograph by wikipedia user Supercarwaar
S8 E64 · Thu, March 19, 2020
The Old City of Sanaa and Queen Arwa Al-Sulayhi
At the southern end of Arabia, Yemen was once rich from trade and frankincense. By the 11th century, it had fallen off the map, but two strong queens led it back to prosperity, particularly Arwa Al-Sulayhi, whose reign did more for Yemen than 350 years of men who followed. There's assassins, executions, heads on pikes. Among Arwa's accomplishments was refurbishing the Great Mosque of Sana'a, Yemen's capital, whose medieval old city features gingerbread-like skyscrapers. Despite the horrors of war, Yemen perseveres. Charlie from the Almost Forgotten podcast joins us to discuss Arwa and other historical figures that we've forgotten. Plus saltah! Sources: Daftary, Dr. Farhad. Sayyida Hurra: The Isma‘ili Sulayhid Queen of Yemen Mackintosh-Smith, Tim. Yemen: the Unknown Arabia Mernissi, Fatima. The Forgotten Queens of Islam Walker, Jenny. Lonely Planet Oman, UAE and the Arabian Peninsula Wintour, Patrick. “Yemen civil war: the conflict explained” in the Guardian Music by Mohamed al-Kouek, Kamilia Anbar Yakout, and Mohamed Hmoud al-Harithy Photograph by Maria Gropa
S8 E63 · Thu, February 13, 2020
The Western Group of Temples at Khajuraho and the Chandelas
THIS EPISODE CONTAINS EXPLICIT CONTENT. A group of temples sits in the hills of central India, stunningly studded with sculptures. Built by the Chandela dynasty, they are remarkably well preserved testaments to medieval power, but they are best known for their many erotic images. Anirudh Kanisetti of the Echoes of India podcast returns to discuss the Chandelas, their connection with tantra, their views of sex, their run-ins with the famed Turkic warlord Mahmud of Ghazni, and how all of that relates to India's political environment today. Medieval India shows the panoply of human experience in all its colors and shades. Nothing is a simplistic black and white. Sources: Bose, Nemai Sadhan. History of the Candellas of Jejakabhukti Desai, Devangana. Khajuraho Desai, Devangana. The Religious Imagery of Khajuraho Dikshit, R.K. The Candellas of Jejakabhukti Keay, John. India: a History Lonely Planet India Miller, Sam. Blue Guide India Mitra, Sisir Kumar. Early Rulers of Khajuraho Nasr, Mohamed. The Emergence of Muslim Rule in India Ramadurai, Charukesi. “India’s Temples of Sex” BBC Travel Tammita-Delgoda, Sinharaja. A Traveller's History of India
S8 E62 · Thu, January 16, 2020
The Bayeux Tapestry and the Battle of Hastings
It's the world's greatest comic strip. The Bayeux Tapestry, technically an embroidery, documents the events leading up to the Battle of Hastings and the Norman Conquest. We explore this cheeky document and tell its tale: the story of 1066, that most crucial year in English history. It's the tale of Edward the Confessor, powerful earl Harold Godwinson, one-man military machine Harald Hardrada, and William the Bastard, Duke of Normandy. There's battles, invasions, and an insane amount of luck, and the Tapestry covers it all. Or rather the parts it wants to cover. I've wanted to tell this story since I started the podcast. I hope you enjoy it. Plus, there's an apple pie at the end you won't want to miss. Sources: Bridgeford, Andrew. 1066 : the hidden history in the Bayeux Tapestry Harper, Damian and Catherine Le Nevez. Lonely Planet Road Trips: Normandy & D-Day Beaches Howarth, David. 1066: the Year of the Conquest Marren, Peter. 1066: the Battles of York, Stamford Bridge & Hastings Morris, Marc. The Norman Conquest: The Battle of Hastings and the Fall of Anglo-Saxon England Rick Steves France Wilson, David M. The Bayeux Tapestry
Bonus · Wed, December 25, 2019
Bonus - Lake Ohrid and Samuel vs Basil II
It's our bonus holiday episode! Nestled in the mountains along the border of North Macedonia and Albania sits Lake Ohrid, a deep, blue lake as old as time. On its shores, in the town of Ohrid, Samuel, tsar of the First Bulgarian Empire, directed his kingdom's last hurrah against the mighty Roman Empire to his east. His opponent: Basil II, known now as the "Bulgar-Slayer." I guess you can figure out how this goes. Eric Halsey of the Bulgarian History Podcast gives his thoughts on Samuel and his brothers and the epic confrontation with Basil, while Allison Greene from Sofia Adventures and Eternal Arrival shares her experience of visiting Ohrid, whose Byzantine-era churches charm and whose lakeside boardwalk invigorates. And we talk about Macedonian food, including ayvar, a red pepper spread-slash-dip that pairs with everything. Sources: Crapton, RJ. A Concise History of Bulgaria Evans, Thammy. Macedonia: the Bradt Travel Guide Herrin, Judith. Byzantium: The Surprising Life of a Medieval Empire Knowlton, Mary Lee. Macedonia Norwich, John Julius. Byzantium: The Apogee Michael Psellus. Chronographia John Skylitzes. A Synopsis Of Byzantine History , translated by J. Wortley Photograph by Silfiriel
Bonus · Mon, November 11, 2019
3rd Anniversary Bonus - Fifty States Ranked
THIRD ANNIVERSARY BONUS EPISODE! People often ask me where they should go when they visit the US. Having been to all 50 states (plus DC and Puerto Rico, which should be states), I can actually answer this. And in this not-at-all-serious episode, I try to answer that question. Being a nerd, I created a spreadsheet and complex formula tanking each state in terms of natural scenery, historical sites, charm, cuisine, and debauchery. I share the top ten on this episode. For the full list, check out the website: wonderspodcast.com/50states When you disagree, and you will, drop me a line or pick a fight on Twitter (@wonderspodcast).
S7 E61 · Thu, October 10, 2019
The Volcanic and Geothermal Features of Iceland and the Viking Sagas
Europe and North America are drifting apart, and where the plates diverge, an underwater volcanic mountain range has formed. It peeps above the ocean in several spots, the largest and most magnificent of which is Iceland. Iceland's underground magma and mountaintop glaciers have conspired to create a wonderland of fire and ice, the perfect setting for the development of a remarkable medieval culture. In this episode, Noah Tetzner from the History of Vikings podcast joins us to discuss the settlement of Iceland, their literature (the sagas), their government, and their expansion to Greenland and North America. There's Flóki, the raven-carrying discoverer who gave Iceland its name. There are Ingolf and Leif, the oil-and-water brothers who first settled the island. There's Aud the Deep-Minded, noblewoman and matriarch. There's Þorgeir Þorkelsson, who had to make a choice that would change Iceland forever. And there's Erik the Red and his son Leif, who set out to find new lands to the west. In addition, listeners Brian Conn and Quinn Campagna describe their recent trips to the island and all the glorious natural wonders to see. And we'll have hot dogs (really), fermented shark meat (really), and Icelandic yogurt, or skyr, after a dip into the hot springs. Sources: Ari Þorgilsson, The Book of the Icelanders Averbuck, Alexis. Lonely Planet Iceland Barraclough, Eleanor Rosamund. Beyond the Northlands: Viking Voyages and the Old Norse Sagas The Book of Settlement (Landnámabók) , translated by Thomas Ellwood Ferguson, Robert. The Vikings: a History Haywood, John. Northmen: the Viking saga, AD 793-1241 Konstam, Angus. Historical Atlas of the Viking World Laxdæla Saga , translated by Muriel A. C. Press Magnusson, Magnus. Vikings! Rick Steves Iceland Roberts, David. Iceland: Land of the Sagas The Saga of Erik the Red , translated by J. Sephton Music includes “Gjallar,” “Fólkvangr,” and “The Vikings” by Alexander Nakarada <a href= "https
S7 E60 · Thu, September 19, 2019
The Fjords of Norway and the Norse Vikings
Carved by glaciers during the Ice Age, Norway's more than 1100 fjords are spectacular. The sea enters narrow valleys with high cliffs laced with waterfalls. This rugged seacoast nurtured ancient Norway and its ruthless seafaring raiders: the Vikings. The Vikings came out of the north like a thunderbolt to ravage the coastlines of Europe, but the people of medieval Scandinavia were so much more than just Vikings. In this episode, Lee Accomando of the Viking Age Podcast talks about Harald Fairhair, legendary first king of united Norway, and his sons Håkon the Good and the excellently named Erik Bloodaxe. Lee has a soft spot for Erik's sorceress wife Gunnhild. Listener and patron Kjartan Bærem talks about his homeland, and tells us which fjords are most worth visiting. We also discuss various lamb dishes before curing our own salmon: dill-scented gravlax. Sources: Alcuin. Letter to Ethelred, King of Northumbria Alcuin. Letter to the Bishop of Lindisfarne Ferguson, Robert. The Vikings: a History Greshko, Michael. “Famous Viking Warrior Was a Woman, DNA Reveals” in National Geographic . September 12, 2017. Ham, Anthony. Lonely Planet Norway Haywood, John. Northmen: the Viking saga, AD 793-1241 Konstam, Angus. Historical Atlas of the Viking World Magnusson, Magnus. Vikings! Nozari, Elaheh. “My Biggest Accomplishment of 2018 Was Making My Own Gravlax” in Bon Appetit . December 13, 2018 Rick Steves Scandinavia Sturluson, Snorri. Heimskringla Music includes “Gjallar,” “Fólkvangr,” and “The Vikings” by Alexander Nakarada </s
S7 E59 · Thu, August 29, 2019
The Pyramid of Kukulkan at Chichén Itzá and the Post-Classic Maya
You've seen the Pyramid on countless tourism brochures, but what do you really know about the Mayan city of Chichén Itzá and it's magnificent pyramid? Did you know it's built over a cenote, a natural water-filled sinkhole? Have you heard the legend of the Toltec king from Central Mexico who might have conquered the city in 987? To help explore the answers, Robert Bitto from the Mexico Unexplained podcast appears with his take on the mysteries of the pyramid. We also talk about the Spanish archbishop who first described the city after having burned nearly all Mayan writings and the wild rush that was 2012, the apocalypse that didn't quite come off. Join us for some cochinita pibil as we talk about the Yucatán! Sources: Carlsen, William. Jungle of Stone: the True Story of Two Men, Their Extraordinary Journey, and the Discovery of the Lost Civilization of the Maya Fehrenbach, TR. Fire and Blood: a History of Mexico Hecht, John. Lonely Planet: Cancún, Cozumel & the Yucatán Landa, Diego de. Yucatan Before and After the Conquest Onstott, Jane. National Geographic Traveler: Mexico Prado, Liza and Gary Chandler. Moon Handbook: Yucatán Peninsula Schele, Linda. The Code of Kings: the Language of Seven Sacred Maya Temples and Tombs Stephens, John L. Incidents of Travel in Yucatan Weaver, Muriel Porter. The Aztec, Maya, and Their Predecessors: Archaeology of Mesoamerica Webster, David L. The Fall of the Ancient Maya: Solving the Mystery of the Maya Collapse Music by Los Tres Reyes, Los Montejo, Victor Manuel Aarón Sánchez, and Hidalgo Tzec Haas Photograph by wikipedia user Cocojorgefalcon
Bonus · Thu, August 15, 2019
The House of Wisdom
Sometimes a wonder which no longer exists is worth an episode. In the 9th century, the Abbasid caliphs of Baghdad created the Bayt al-Hikma, the House of Wisdom, a great library which served as the starting point for a remarkable intellectual program. There, hundreds of scribes translated as many Greek, Persian, Indian and other documents that they could, and these widespread translations fueled new advances that would make Baghdad the Silicon Valley of the 9th and 10th centuries. Men like al-Khwarizmi, the Father of Algebra, and al-Kindi, the Philosopher of the Arabs, changed the world. Dr. Ali A Olomi, frequent guest, friend of the show, and host of Head on History, appears to discuss the House of Wisdom, the thinkers who worked there, and the caliphs who helped make it happen, like Harun al-Rashid and al-Mamun. In the process, we'll cover murderous kings, "true crime" mysteries, civil wars that really were brother vs brother, medieval machines, brilliant alchemists and mathematicians, and the guy who gave us the three-course meal and toothpaste. Plus we revisit masgouf, Iraq's favorite grilled fish. Sources: Bobrick, Benson. The Caliph's Splendor: Islam and the West in the Golden Age of Baghdad Hann, Geoff et al. Iraq: the Ancient Sites & Iraqi Kurdistan: the Bradt Travel Guide Kennedy, Hugh. When Baghdad Ruled the Muslim World: the Rise and Fall of Islam's Greatest Dynasty Lyons, Jonathan. The House of Wisdom: How the Arabs Transformed Western Civilization Morgan, Michael Hamilton. Lost History: the Enduring Legacy of Muslim Scientists, Thinkers, and Artists Thousand and One Nights Photograph of Mustansiriya Madrassa by Taisir Mahdi
S7 E58 · Thu, July 18, 2019
The Medina of Fes and Fatima al-Fihri
Nestled in the hills of north central Morocco, Fès' ancient walled medina is a labyrinth of narrow alleys, passages, lanes and souks: the world's largest car-free urban space. Founded by Idris, an Arab refugee-turned-Moroccan king, Fès also claims the world's oldest university, built by Fatima al-Fihri, herself a refugee from Tunisia. There's no specific wonder here other than the medina, and that's OK. Sometimes a city or neighborhood is exemplary enough to be a wonder in and of itself. Listener Steve Fait joins us to talk about visiting Fès, navigating its maze, exploring its secrets and managing carpet salesmen. Plus, we discuss the joys of tagine, although the recipe this week is b'stilla, a savory/sweet Moroccan pot pie that is one of my all-time favorite foods. Sources: Abun-Nasr, Jamil Mirʻi. A History of the Maghrib in the Islamic Period Carrington, Daisy. "This 1,157-year-old library gets a facelift". CNN. DK Eyewitness Morocco Hourani, Albert. A History of the Arab Peoples Lonely Planet Morocco Nader, Emir. “The World's Oldest University Was Founded by a Woman of Color” in Vice Othman, Najwa. “Kairouan: Capital of Political Power and Learning in the Ifriqiya” Sarkeesian, Anita and Ebony Adams. History vs Women: The Defiant Lives that They Don't Want You to Know Wolfert, Paula. The Food of Morocco Photo by Alina Chan
S7 E57 · Thu, July 04, 2019
Aachen Cathedral and Charlemagne
On the western fringe of Germany, near the Dutch and Belgian borders, sits Aachen, favored city of Charles the Great, or Charlemagne. He was King of the Franks in the late 8th and early 9th centuries, and through conquest and economic success, he unified much of Western Europe. Crowned Emperor of the Romans on Christmas Day, 800, he could be considered the father of Europe. Or he might just have been incredibly lucky. Travis Dow from the History of Germany Podcast joins us to discuss Charlemagne, his conquests, reforms, and buildings, including his great chapel in Aachen, one of the best examples of early medieval architecture. In its central octagonal chapel, you can still see Charlemagne's simple marble throne, where many future German kings would be crowned. Of course, there's lots of talk of food, from currywurst to döner kebabs, but Aachen is famous for its own special spicy cookies, Aachener printen, as well. And there's the story of Pippin, which is not at all as the musical described it. Sources: Barbero, Alessandro. Charlemagne: Father of a Continent Lonely Planet Germany Schillig, Christiane. "Wider den Zahn der Zeit: Der Dom zu Aachen" Monumente Online: Magazine of the Deutsche Stiftung Denkmalschutz Schneider-Ferber, Karin. Karl der Große. Der mächtigste Herrscher des Mittelalters Wilson, Derek. Charlemagne www.aachenerdom.de Photograph by Jim Linwood
S7 E56 · Thu, June 06, 2019
The Underground Cities and Rock Formations of Cappadocia and Iconoclasm
In the soft volcanic rock of Cappadocia, eroded by wind and water into fantastic shapes, ancient peoples carved dwelling places. By the Byzantine era, locals created vast underground refuges: places to hide from raiders and foreign armies. They painted murals on rock-cut churches, exemplars of medieval Roman religious art. In the 8th century, this art, both here and around the empire, became the centerpiece of a spirited controversy: iconoclasm. Some, particularly the emperors Leo III and Constantine V, believed that people's venerating religious art was causing God to forsake the empire. Others disagreed. The argument would have far-reaching consequences for the empire and for history. Iconoclasm initially ended under the guidance of Irene, the first ruling Empress in Roman history. She was ruthlessly efficient, as seen by her treatment of her son. She's one bad mother.... Listeners Krister and Jacob Törneke come by to discuss visiting Cappadocia, where cave churches and underground cities should the mark of the medieval Byzantines and where the natural landscape inspires jaw-dropping amazement. Plus, they talk about the Cappadocian Turkish food, including ayran, a salty yogurt drink that goes perfectly with meat kebabs, even if it sounds repulsive. Sources: Brownworth, Lars. Lost to the West: The Forgotten Byzantine Empire That Rescued Western Civilization Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils , ed. Norman P. Tanner Herrin, Judith. Byzantium: The Surprising Life of a Medieval Empire Lonely Planet Turkey Norwich, John Julius. Byzantium: the Early Centuries Theophanes. Chronographia Treadgold, Warren. A Concise History of Byzantium Photograph by Gerardo Lazzari
S7 E55 · Thu, May 16, 2019
The Mezquita of Córdoba and Abd al-Rahman
The eighth century's greatest adventure story. Abd al-Rahman, low-ranking Umayyad prince, finds himself the only male member of his family to survive a massacre at the hands of the Abbasid rebels. He escapes through many adventures to the Maghreb (present-day Morocco) where he decides to try his luck in Spain, or as it was called then: Al-Andalus. More adventures await him there before he eventually becomes the Emir of Córdoba, establishing what would become Medieval Europe's richest and most prosperous country. His greatest achievement is the mosque that still stands in Córdoba today: the Mezquita. Row upon row of red and white double arches fill the immense, contemplative space, except for a giant Renaissance cathedral dropped in the middle of it. Sarah Kildow, listener and Assistant Professor of Spanish at the University of Akron, stops by to discuss visiting Córdoba, seeing the Mezquita, eating tapas and enjoying Féria, the great Spring fair. Plus salmorejo, a chilled tomato soup that's perfect for hot summer days. Andalucía is one of my favorite places, and I'm excited to bring this story to you. Sources: Ahmed ibn Mohammed Al-Makkari. The History of the Mohammedan Dynasties in Spain Gerber, Jane S. The Jews of Spain: a History of the Sephardic Experience Jayyusi, Salma Khadra and Manuela Marín. The Legacy of Muslim Spain Kennedy, Hugh. Caliphate: the History of an Idea Kennedy, Hugh. Muslim Spain and Portugal: a Political History of al-Andalus Lewis, David Levering. God’s Crucible: Islam and the Making of Europe, 570-1215 Lonely Planet Guide to Andalucía Lowney, Chris. A Vanished World: Medieval Spain’s Golden Age of Enlightenment Masood, Ehsan. Science & Islam: A History Menocal, María Rosa. The Ornament of the World Rick Steves Spain Photograph by Fabio Alessandro Locati
Bonus · Thu, May 02, 2019
Notre-Dame de Paris
On April 15, 2019, a fire started in Notre-Dame de Paris and caused significant damage. In its honor, here is a bonus episode on the great cathedral. We know that Notre Dame will survive this calamity, because it has survived other calamities before. From Baroque refacing to revolutionary desecrations, Notre Dame had become an absolute wreck. Then Victor Hugo's novel started a restoration movement which led to the appointment of Eugène Viollet-le-Duc, whose detailed work created the church we've grown to love. Beyond talking about the cathedral, we have sidebars about post-war Poland (it makes sense; trust me) and the Montparnasse neighborhood. Finally, we link to the narrative by discussing the Muslim conquest of Spain and the Battle of Tours (or Poitiers) in 732, setting the stage for the next three episodes. Sources: Eyewitness Travel Paris Hollis, Edward. The Secret Lives of Buildings Horne, Alistair. Seven Lives of Paris Rick Steves Paris Robb, Graham. Parisians: an Adventure History of Paris Winston, Richard and Clara. Notre-Dame de Paris
S7 E54 · Thu, April 25, 2019
The Giant's Causeway and Early Medieval Ireland
On the coast of Northern Ireland lies a remarkable feature: a field of more than 40,000 interlocking hexagonal columns, leading down into the sea. To the ancient Irish, the basalt columns -- the result of a long ago volcanic eruption -- seemed like the foundations of a bridge made for giants. And so they are still called the Giant's Causeway to this day. On this abnormally long episode, we discuss the mythological origins of the causeway and the legendary Irish hero, Fionn Mac Cumhaill, a.k.a. Finn McCool. While the physical bridge to Scotland might be a myth, other connections in the early medieval period were very much evident. Dr. Lucy Barnhouse (@singingscholar), medieval historian and contributor to @historyfootnote, drops wisdom about Irish monasticism and its impact in Ireland and abroad. We discuss the beer-multiplying, chariot-riding St. Brigid, the hot-tempered St Columba, and the wandering St. Columbanus. In addition, listeners Jenn and Diarmuid talk about their experiences visiting the causeway and reflections on the North. We also discuss Game of Thrones locations, surfing off the Antrim Coast, and the joy of grabbing a pint in an Irish pub. There's Irish butter and soda bread and more Houses of the Holy references than are necessary. (That 1973 Led Zeppelin album features the Giant's Causeway on the cover). Sources: Bitel, Lisa M. “St. Brigit of Ireland: From Virgin Saint to Fertility Goddess” The Boyhood Deeds of Fionn mac Cumhaill Bunting, Eve. Finn McCool and the Great Fish Byrd, Robert. Finn MacCoul and His Fearless Wife: a Giant of a Tale from Ireland Byrne, Francis. Irish Kings and High-Kings Catholic Encyclopedia . “St. Columba” Cogitosus. The Life of St. Brigid The Colloquy of the Ancients De Hamel, Christopher. Scribes and Illuminators De Hamel, Christopher. A History of Illuminated Manuscripts Lord, Victoria. The Other Irish Saint: Brigid of Kildare Lonely Planet Guide to Ireland MacNab, P.A. Mull & Iona Marron, Emmet. “The Communities of St Columbanus: Irish Monasteries on the Continent?” McCaffrey, Carmel and Leo Eaton. In Search of Ancient Ireland: the Origins of the Irish from Neolithic Times to the Coming of the English <span clas
S6 E53 · Thu, March 28, 2019
Borobudur and the Empires of Early Medieval Indonesia
While the Silk Road gets the fame, and the catchy nickname, the Indian Ocean maritime trade moved far more goods over a longer period of time. That trade, combined with its own unique products, made Indonesia and its first great kingdoms possible. The result were Indian-influenced trading empires and regional behemoths capable of creating the world's largest Buddhist monument on the island of Java. Anthony Frisina of the History of Indonesia podcast joins the show to discuss how these empires, the Srivijaya and Sailendra, came to be, how they built the great Borobudur, and why we don't know nearly as much about them as we'd like. We'll also discuss the interplay between Hinduism and Buddhism, which led to the creation of Prambanan, a massive Hindu temple just 44 km from Borobudur, that is a wonder in its own right. There's Chinese monks on pilgrimage, cloves a-plenty, and nasi goreng, a Javanese fried rice that hits all the right flavor notes. Sources: Cœdès, George. The Indianized States of South-East Asia Forman, Bedrich. Borobudur: the Buddhist Legend in Stone Guy, John. Lost Kingdoms: Hindu-Buddhist Sculpture of Early Southeast Asia Insight Guide to Indonesia Lonely Planet Guide to Indonesia Marks, Copeland. The Exotic Kitchens of Indonesia: Recipes from the Outer Islands Viegas, Jennifer. “Madagascar Founded By Women” on NBC News
S6 E52 · Thu, March 14, 2019
The Kailashanatha Temple of Ellora and the Rashtrakutas
Early medieval India saw the rise of an empire based in the Deccan plateau: the Rashtrakutas. Despite their significant power and influence, their story is little-known and under-appreciated. From their most remarkable king, Amoghavarsha the author, to their architectural masterpiece at the caves of Ellora, we will remedy this shocking omission. The Kailashanatha Temple, carved from the Deccan rock, is a true wonder, and Anirudh Kanisetti, historian and host of the Echoes of India, brings its magic to life. We also talk about Indian math, Sanskrit poetry, and chicken kolhapuri, a spicy Deccan specialty. Sources: Keay, John. India: a History Lonely Planet Guide to India Mani, Chandra Mauli. A Journey through India's Past (Great Hindu Kings after Harshavardhana) Reu,Pandit Bisheshwar Nath. History Of The Rashtrakutas Rice, Edward P. A History of Kannada Literature Sample, Ian. "Asteroid that killed dinosaurs also intensified volcanic eruptions - study" in the Guardian Photo by Ms Sarah Welch in wikicommons
S6 E51 · Thu, February 28, 2019
The Stelae of Copán and Waxaklajuun Ubaad Kawiil
We return to the land of the Maya, to visit their most stunning artistic achievement. The stelae of Copán, many constructed to honor Waxaklajuun Ubaad Kawiil, 13th king of the city, are remarkably intricate, humanist yet fantastic. His reign marked the highest point and also the lowest, as within decades of his untimely death, Copán and the other Classic Mayan cities would be abandoned. Or were they? Listener Richard Dennis describes his impressions of visiting Copán and traditional Honduran cuisine: beans and tortillas, culminating in the baleada. And we can't talk about Honduras without discussing the Football War. Sources: Bunce, Steve. “How a World Cup qualifier and the suicide of a young girl launched the bloody 100 Hour Football War” in the Independent . Earley, Caitlin C. “The Mesoamerican Ballgame” at Metropolitan Museum of Art’s Timeline of Art History . Footprint Handbook: Honduras Martin, Simon and Nikolai Grube. Chronicle of the Maya Kings and Queens: Deciphering the Dynasties of the Ancient Maya Moon Handbook to Honduras and the Bay Islands Schele, Linda and Peter Mathews. The Code of Kings : the Language of Seven Sacred Maya Temples and Tombs Webster, David L. The Fall of the Ancient Maya: Solving the Mystery of the Maya Collapse Photo by Dennis Jarvis on wikicommons
S6 E50 · Thu, February 14, 2019
The Umayyad Mosque of Damascus and the Umayyad Caliphate
After the Muslims exploded onto the scene in the 7th century, they learned that anyone can take a empire, but holding an empire is another matter entirely. We go to Syria, where Damascus served as the capital of the Umayyad Caliphate. The Umayyads were the family who eventually took control following the turmoil of finding successors to Muhammad. Ali A Olomi, historian and host of Head on History, rejoins us to take us into the next phase of Muslim history, in which the rich and connected Banu Umayya demonstrate the durability of hegemony: after every revolution, the elite and connected always come back in the end. The Umayyads may get a bad rap in places, but they left an enduring empire in their wake, best shown in the remarkable mosque in their capital. While we discuss the splendor and tragedy of Damascus, try some tabbouleh, my all-time favorite salad. Sources: Armstrong, Karen. Islam: a Short History . Donner, Fred McGraw. Muhammad and the Believers: at the Origin of Islam Ingraham, Christopher. “How rising inequality hurts everyone, even the rich” in Washington Post Keenan, Brigid. Damascus: Hidden Treasures of the Old City Kennedy, Hugh. Caliphate: the History of an Idea Bradt guide to Syria Footprint Syria handbook Photograph by wikipedia user Aladdin
S6 E49 · Thu, January 24, 2019
The Giant Buddha of Leshan and Empress Wu Zetian
We return to China, where the Tang Dynasty has embarked on a golden age of culture and cosmopolitanism. In the valleys of Sichuan, a monk begins to carve the largest statue built in pre-industrial history. And in Chang'an, the world's largest and most international city, a young girl begins the path which would take her to the throne. And in Beijing, a half-Sogdian will launch the revolt that will bring everything crashing down. Katy and Nathan from the Queens podcast drop by to talk about Wu Zetian, the only ruling Empress in China's long history. The chroniclers reviled her as a monster, but we take a closer look at this woman who dominated her country for 50 years. Listener Jake volunteers to talk about his time in Sichuan, visiting the Giant Buddha, and eating Sichuan's famously delectable cuisine, fueled by tongue-tingling sichuan peppercorns. Speaking of cuisine, we dig into Gong Bao Chicken, the real thing, with all its sweet, spicy, crunchy goodness. Sources: Clements, Jonathan. Wu: The Chinese Empress Who Schemed, Seduced and Murdered Her Way to Become a Living God Keay, John. China: a History Lewis, Mark Edward. China's Cosmopolitan Empire: the Tang Dynasty Rough Guide to China Photo by Ariel Steiner
Bonus · Thu, December 20, 2018
The Murals of Panjakent
It's our holiday bonus episode! This time, we're going to Tajikistan, to visit the intriguing murals of the Sogdians, a civilization wedged between Persians, Arabs, Turks, and Chinese, yet rich and remarkable on their own. In Panjakent, we have wall paintings of regular people, preserved for centuries. What they tell us helps explain the links between these great 7th and 8th century civilizations. Nadeem Ahmad, of living history group Eran ud Turan, drops by to discuss Sogdian society, food, and the challenges of bringing ancient Central Asian and Iranian culture to life. Plus, medieval Persian poetry and palav, the national dish of Tajikistan, made of rice, fried veggies, spices and sometimes lamb, although every family had their own recipe. Follow Nadeem: @eranudturan on Twitter eranudturan on Facebook eruanudturan on Patreon Sources: Azarpay, Guitty. Sogdian Painting: The Pictorial Epic in Oriental Art British Library, "Eighth and ninth century versions of the Rustam cycle" BBC, "Is Oshi Palav the King of Meals?" Grenet, Frantz and Etienne de la Vaissière. "The last days of Panjikent" in Silk Road Art and Archaeology Lonely Planet Guide to Central Asia Marshak, Boris. Legends, Tales, and Fables in the Art of Sogdiana Middleton, Robert and Huw Thomas . Tajikistan and the High Pamirs Yabukovich, Ilya, "Mugh 1.I. Revisited"
S6 E48 · Thu, December 13, 2018
The Temples of Tikal and Nuun Ujol Chaak and Jasaw Chan Kawi'il
The Maya return as we visit Tikal, nestled in the jungles of northern Guatemala, and pick up the story of Nuun Ujol Chaak, after he left Palenque. Nuun Ujol Chaak was a rebel, facing unfathomable odds against an evil empire. And even if he might fall in the end, his son Jasaw Chan Kawi'il would take up the mantle and restore Tikal to greatness. It's his pyramids that tower above the treeline, representing the greatest architectural achievement of the Classic Maya. Nitin Sil from the Flash Point History podcast, appears to talk about his travels to Tikal, from climbing pyramids to avoiding monkeys. Guatemala is much more than Tikal, and its history as a "Banana Republic" gets a closer look. Its food, with its roots in centuries of Maya culture, merits a taste as well, especially pipian, a pumpkin-seed based sauce that works splendidly with chicken. Sources: Brown, Chip. "El Mirador: the Lost City of the Maya" in Smithsonian Magazine Harrison, Peter D. The Lords of Tikal: Rulers of an Ancient Maya City Insight Guides: Guatemala, Belize & the Yucatán Lonely Planet Guatemala Martin, Simon and Nikolai Grube. Chronicle of the Maya Kings and Queens: Deciphering the Dynasties of the Ancient Maya Montgomery, John. Tikal: an Illustrated History of the Ancient Maya Capital Schele, Linda and Peter Mathews. The Code of Kings : the Language of Seven Sacred Maya Temples and Tombs Photo by user chensiyuan on wikicommons
S6 E47 · Thu, November 22, 2018
The Temple of the Inscriptions at Palenque and King Pakal
Back to Mesoamerica, only this time, we introduce the Maya. At the edge of the highlands of Chiapas, Mexico, sits the city of Lakam Ha, today called Palenque. Among its magnificent ruins is the Temple of the Inscriptions, the tomb of king Pakal. His rule was one of the longest in human history; yet how much of his success came from the strong women around him? We talk about the Mayan calendar, 2012, Pakal's magnificent tomb, and his sarcophagus which was NOT made by aliens. There's more to see in Chiapas as well, like colonial San Cristóbal, indigenous villages, waterfalls, and Mayan ruins Bonmapak and Yaxchilán. But for food, we head to next door Oaxaca to talk mole and mezcal margaritas. Sources: Deane, Zain. Mexico's Aztec and Maya Empires: an Explorer's Guide Lonely Planet Mexico Martin, Simon and Nikolai Grube. Chronicle of the Maya Kings and Queens: Deciphering the Dynasties of the Ancient Maya National Geographic Society. "Exclusive: Laser Scans Reveal Maya 'Megalopolis' Below Guatemalan Jungle." 2/1/18. Pillsbury, Joanne. “The Red Queen and Her Sisters: Women of Power in Golden Kingdoms ” Schele, Linda and Peter Mathews. The Code of Kings : the Language of Seven Sacred Maya Temples and Tombs Photo by Jan Harenburg Music by the Orchestra Marimba de Chiapas
Bonus · Sat, November 10, 2018
Second Special Anniversary Bonus Episode
It's our SECOND ANNIVERSARY. Two years of history, travel, food, and such. What a ride. To celebrate, let's visit Oregon, a weird, magical place I love. I lived there for three years in the early 2010's and in this episode, I give the 30 things I love most about one of America's least understood states, including its real wonder, a volcanic caldera turned perfectly blue body of water: the imaginatively named Crater Lake. There's more to Oregon than meets the eye, and I hope you enjoy this little trip down the rabbit hole. Portlandia is reality television, by the way. Photo by Zainubrazvi on wikicommons.
S6 E46 · Sun, November 04, 2018
The Al-Aqsa Mosque, the Dome of the Rock, and the Beginning of Islam
Another big episode, as Muhammad arrives on the scene. An illiterate merchant in faraway Arabia, Muhammad develops a new faith and community that builds upon the monotheist faiths of his people's neighbors. Ali A Olomi, historian and host of the Head on History podcast, joins me to discuss Muhammad's impact as well as the holiest site in Islam: the Kabaa in Mecca. But most people are forbidden from visiting the Kabaa, so the wonder for this episode is the holiest site in Islam that others can, in theory, visit: the Al-Aqsa Mosque and the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem. Randa Ulankiewicz drops by to discuss visiting those sites and Palestine in general. From the foundation of the religion to its remarkable rise and conquest of Syria and Mesopotamia, we'll cover the world-changing impact of the world's most unexpected major religion. This episode is therefore much longer than normal, with significantly more detail than usual. But there's stuffed grape leaves and hummus, so it's worth it. Sources: Armstrong, Karen. Islam: a Short History. Armstrong, Karen. Muhammad: a biography of the prophet Donner, Fred McGraw. Muhammad and the Believers: at the Origin of Islam Lonely Planet Israel & the Palestinian Territories Lonely Planet Saudi Arabia Moon Guide to Jerusalem
S5 E45 · Thu, October 11, 2018
045 - The Hagia Sophia and Emperor Justinian
It's the story of a farmboy, an actress, an unruly mob, and a bacterium. The Roman Empire evolved, and based in Constantinople, it reached a new golden age under the leadership of Justinian. His success is best seen in the masterpiece church: the Hagia Sophia, or Ayasofya in Turkish. The Hagia Sophia was the greatest cathedral in Christendom for a thousand years, then a resplendent mosque, and now a fully restored museum. But shortly after its construction highlighted the peak of Eastern Roman prosperity, a bacterium came to Constantinople and brought the empire to its knees. Joining me to talk about Justinian, the Hagia Sophia, and the plague is the great Robin Pierson, host of the History of Byzantium podcast. Robin recently visited Istanbul and talks about exploring its Byzantine sites as well as how Turkish food charmed even his palate. There are fish sandwiches to eat and Ratatouille references to enjoy. Sources: Heather, Peter. The Restoration of Rome: Barbarian Popes and Imperial Pretenders Lonely Planet Istanbul Lord Kinross. Hagia Sophia Norwich, John Julius. Byzantium: The Early Centuries Paul the Silentiary, Descriptio S. Sophiae Procopius. The Secret History Procopius. Wars of Justinian Rick Steves' Istanbul Rosen, William. Justinian's Flea: Plague, Empire, and the Birth of Europe Music by Turku, Nomads of the Silk Road from their album Alleys of Istanbul
S5 E44 · Thu, September 27, 2018
The Citadel of Sigiriya and King Kassapa
Rising from the Sri Lankan jungle stands the citadel of Sigiriya. An immense rock of volcanic origin, Sigiriya was transformed into the magnificent palace of Kassapa, a king whose story will blow your mind. Think Macbeth meets Othello with a dash of a Poe short story. You're going to enjoy this one. By a tremendous bit of serendipity (which is useful, given that the word "serendipity" comes from the Arabic word for Sri Lanka), my daughter's two best friends are of Sri Lankan descent, and one of their mothers joined me for an in-person interview about visiting the magnificent citadel, other sites in Sri Lanka and of course, all the great things to eat, including kiribath, a coconut milk rice dish that serves as the official first meal of every new year. Sources: Bullis, Douglas and Wendy Hutton. The Food of Sri Lanka: Authentic Recipe from the Isle of Gems. Culavamsa, translated by Wilhelm Geiger Lonely Planet Sri Lanka Rough Guide to Sri Lanka Wanasundera, Nanda Pethiyagoda and Jo-Ann Spelling. Sri Lanka. Music by Niranjala Sarojini
S5 E43 · Thu, September 13, 2018
The Nazca Lines and the Rise of Peruvian Civilization
Etched in the rocky plains of the southern Peruvian coast, the Nazca Lines fascinate visitors and archaeologists. While we still don't know why the Nazca people created lines, shapes and figures that could only be seen from the air, we have some hypotheses. We also know: not aliens. Max Serjeant from the Latin American History podcast talks about how civilization came to ancient Peru, how the Nazca and their predecessors tamed the desert, and why archaeologists think the Nazca created their geoglyphs. Tracy DeLuca, an avid traveller who recently flew over the lines, tells about her experience, both the amazing views and the stomach-churning turns. We also talk about Lima, one of my favorite cities, with its colonial architecture and incredible food scene, featuring ceviche, some of the best food on earth. So grab a pisco sour and enjoy! Sources: Dubé, Ryan. Moon Guide to Peru Hadingham, Evan. Lines to the Mountain Gods: Nazca and the Mysteries of Peru Lonely Planet Peru Masterson, Daniel. The History of Peru Moseley, Michael E. The Incas and Their Ancestors
Fri, August 31, 2018
BONUS! History Fangirl Podcast: the Lost History of Angkor
BONUS EPISODE! In March 2018, Drew Vahrenkamp appeared on Stephanie Craig's History Fangirl podcast to discuss what was once the largest city on earth, in area at least: Angkor, Cambodia. For the upcoming holiday weekend in the US, we are honored to share this episode with you. Please check out more of Stephanie's interviews with travelers, historians, bloggers and podcasters at https://historyfangirl.com . ************** Angkor, along with its most famous temple Angkor Wat, is one of the most unique places in the world. The French claim to have discovered it when Cambodia was part of French Indochina, but like so many “lost” places the locals always knew about it. However, much of what we know about the ancient city comes from inscriptions and other artwork on the temple. And because the jungle climate much of the other information we have about the city may be lost forever, but we do know that it was the largest pre-industrial city in the history of the world. My guest today is Drew Vahrenkamp of the Wonders of the World podcast. We chat about the ancient history of Angkor, how tourism in the city has changed dramatically over the last two decades, and how history lovers grapple with the ancient past of Cambodia, and the more recent reign of the Khmer Rouge.
S5 E42 · Thu, August 23, 2018
The Mogao Caves of Dunhuang and the Silk Road
A great trade route connected China to the West: the Silk Road. No place in China better illustrates the value of that route than Dunhuang, site of the Mogao Caves, grottos carved into a cliffside which hold the largest collection of Buddhist art anywhere. In Gansu province, Dunhuang was the site of the Jade Gate, where the main road left China into the lands beyond. Nathan Cherry of the Silk Road History Podcast helps tell the story of these caves, their city, and the route, starting with the expedition of Zhang Qian, China's Lewis (or maybe Clark?) who first traversed into the unknown. More stories follow: the son of immigrants who translated the sutras, the daughter who went to war, the crown prince who saved countless artifacts. The caves are remarkable; the town is too, nestled against giant sand dunes at the edge of the desert. To eat, try Lanzhou Beef Noodle Soup, the perfect breakfast, if you like soup for breakfast - Westerners might find this a perfect dinner instead. Selected Sources: Keay, John. China: a History Kwa, Shiamin and Wilt L. Idema. Mulan: Five Versions of a Classic Chinese Legend, with Related Texts Lagerwey, John and Lü Pengzhi, editors. Early Chinese religion. Part 2, The period of division (220-589 AD) Lonely Planet China Stephan, Annelisa. "14 Fascinating Facts about the Cave Temples of Dunhuang" from The Iris from the Getty Museum The Dunhuang Academy's website (http://public.dha.ac.cn/)
Bonus · Tue, August 14, 2018
Exciting News
A quick update about the podcast, with news of all sorts. To learn more: click here
S5 E41 · Tue, July 24, 2018
Diocletian's Palace and the Roman Dominate
Rome was entrenched in chaos, until one man took charge, and through sheer force of will - and the army - remade the Empire into a completely new government, one that would last for over a thousand years. Then he retired to farm cabbages, moving into an incredible palace on the shores of the Adriatic Sea, a palace which today forms the core of Split, Croatia's old town. Rob and Jamie from the Totalus Rankium podcast drop by once again to discuss Diocletian, one of the most significant emperors, whose legacy paved the way to medieval Europe. We dig into the good, like his bureaucratic reforms, the bad, like his persecution of Christians, and the ugly, like his edict on prices. Listener Hrvoje Tolić calls in to discuss Split, the sights, and the cuisine. Pašticada, a long-marinated beef roast served over njoki, is the recipe of the day.
S5 E40 · Tue, July 10, 2018
The Temple of Bel at Palmyra and Queen Zenobia
In 2015, ISIS terrorists destroyed the Temples of Bel and Baalshemin in the Syrian desert city of Palmyra, temples which had remained in pristine condition since their city's glory days in the 3rd century. Back then, under the capable leadership of its rulers Odenaethus and the "Warrior Queen" Zenobia, Palmyra rose from wealthy caravan town to leader of the Eastern Mediterranean, taking advantage of the chaos of the Roman Crisis of the Third Century. So. Many. Emperors. So. Much. Chaos. Scott Chesworth from the Ancient World podcast returns to finish his tale of Roman Syria, discussing how Palmyra challenged two empires, and how they very nearly pulled it off. Also, listener David Adam recounts his trip to Palmyra before the temples were destroyed; you'll appreciate how he brings the humanity of modern Syrians into the story. And you can see his photos here: https://www.wonderspodcast.com/single-post/2018/07/10/The-Temple-of-Bel-at-Palmyra The destruction of Palmyra and of Syria has been a great human catastrophe, and by acknowledging and remembering lost Palmyra, we might hope to prevent the next one. Also, there are cookies! Date-filled cookies, in honor of the date palms that gave Palmyra its name.
S5 Enull · Mon, July 02, 2018
BONUS! History Fangirl Podcast: the Grand Place
BONUS EPISODE! In January 2018, Drew Vahrenkamp appeared on Stephanie Craig's History Fangirl podcast to discuss Brussels' glorious central square, the Grand Place. In honor of Belgium's appearance in the Round of 16 of the World Cup, we are honored to share this episode with you. Please check out more of Stephanie's interviews with travelers, historians, bloggers and podcasters at https://historyfangirl.com . Brussels, Belgium is an often-overlooked city, with neighboring capitals of Amsterdam and Paris stealing the spotlight. But Belgium is definitely much more than just great beer and chocolate. My guest today is Drew Vahrenkamp of The Wonders of the World podcast, and we sit down to chat about Brussels’ La Grand-Place, or Grand Place, the city’s central square. Drew is a self-described Belgiumphile, having studied there while in business school.
S5 E39 · Tue, June 26, 2018
The Temples of Heliopolis at Baalbek and Emperor Elagabalus
In the remote Bekaa valley in Eastern Lebanon sit the ruins of the great temples of Heliopolis, some of the largest and most impressive ever built in Antiquity, three times larger than the Parthenon, which columns half again as tall as as those in Karnak. The temples are mysterious, and Scott Chesworth from The Ancient World podcast helps explain what they might be, and how they might be connected to Elagabalus, one of the most fascinating and least appreciated Roman emperors. Not good, mind, but fascinating. Elagabalus does not get the coverage of a Caligula or Nero, but maybe he should. The teenage emperor did not kill indiscriminately, but his sexual and religious activities shocked conservative Roman society and make for excellent story-telling. Some modern writers call Elagabalus the world's first known transgender leader. Maybe? We'll discuss. There's also the story of how Caracalla meets his untimely demise, thanks to a prescient fortune-teller and a dislike of reading his own mail. And of course, we'll talk about Lebanon, its Phoenician heritage, and the way Lebanese food has spread around the world. The recipe of the week is kibbeh, a deep-fried croquette of goodness that is as popular in the Dominican Republic as it is in Lebanon.
S5 E38 · Tue, June 12, 2018
The Ruins of Leptis Magna and Emperor Septimius Severus (and Sons!)
So close to the tourist trail, yet so far, Libya sits on the Mediterranean yet has been isolated for decades by poverty, dictatorship and civil war. But should peace return, Leptis Magna is the jewel in Libya's crown: potentially the largest and best preserved Roman city in the Mediterranean. With a resplendent forum, theater, basilica, harbor, amphitheater, and especially, a colossal arch, Leptis is an unvisited gem. Leptis' golden age came under the leadership of local-boy-made-good Septimius Severus. To help tell the story of how a lad from Leptis became ruler of the "known world," Rob and Jamie from the Roman Emperors: Totalus Rankium podcast stop by. Not only do we talk about Severus and the disastrous emperor who preceded him (Didius Julianus), but we also discuss Severus' evil son Caracalla. Evil. Oh so evil. No discussion of Libya would be complete without discussing the cuisine: a blend of North African and Middle Eastern, highlighted by couscous. This isn't your store-bought fluffy cardboard; we'll be properly steaming it this time.
S5 E37 · Tue, May 22, 2018
The Backwaters of Kerala and the Indian Ocean Trade
Nestled along the coast of India's most southwesterly state, the Backwaters are a 600 km-long series of lakes, rivers, channels and canals linking the jungle to the sea. Their story, and Kerala's story, is the tale of maritime trade, and to help tell that story, Brandon Huebner from the Maritime History Podcast stops by. Kerala is the birthplace of pepper, and given how rancid meat would get in the age before refrigeration, the Mediterranean world craved it. The Romans traded extensively with the kingdoms of Southern India, we discuss how they figured out the monsoons, and what they brought in exchange for that piquant spice. Tianna Gratta from Passportchronicles.com was just in Kerala, and she gives her insights about traveling there today and riding on a houseboat along the backwaters: definitely the most chill of all the wonders on this show. We try different Keralan curries, rich with coconut, curry leaves, and pepper, and as the coup de grace, Marcus Aurelius makes a cameo, as trade to Asia had brought something unexpected to Rome: a plague. You take the good, you take the bad...
S4 E36 · Tue, May 01, 2018
The Pantheon of Rome and Emperor Hadrian
(This episode has been re-recorded since its initial release.) Back to Rome for a meeting with Hadrian, the roving emperor. Sarah Yeomans, archaeologist and art historian specializing in Imperial Rome, comes by to discuss the peripatetic emperor and one of his most impressive monuments, the Pantheon: the best preserved Roman temple anywhere. Sarah shares her experience visiting Hadrian's villa in Tivoli as well. Hadrian is a fascinating soul: bearded, homosexual, flaunting conventional wisdom, travelling to the farthest reaches of the empire just because. On his travels, he bickered with philosophers, visited historic sites, and micromanaged architects. Cheryl Morgan, an author who studies transgender and intersex people in the ancient world, brings the story of Favorinus, an intersex philosopher with whom Hadrian famously had a conversation. To eat, consider artichokes this spring, either alla Romana or alla giudia (Jewish-style), both Roman classics.
S4 E35 · Tue, April 17, 2018
The Pyramids of Teotihuacan and the Rise of Mexican Civilization
Let's take a break from Roman history and see what's happening in the Western Hemisphere. Ana from the History of Small Things takes us to her hometown of Mexico City to talk about ancient Mexican history. The standout wonders this episode are the great pyramids of Teotihuacan, started in 100 CE in a city which rivaled Rome in size and artistry. But that's just the start. We talk about the first Americans, the earliest Mexican civilizations, and stories of human sacrifice, wars, and mayhem. Mexico City is one of the world's great cities, and we talk about two of its most magnificent sights: the National Anthropology Museum and the Zocalo. Plus street food, tacos, tamales, and huaraches.
S4 E34 · Tue, March 27, 2018
The Colosseum and the Flavian Emperors
We who are about to podcast salute you! Titus comes back for one more round as he unveils his father's masterpiece: the Flavian Amphitheater, a.k.a. the Colosseum. The stadium on which all future stadia have been based is a magnificent creation, site of gladiatorial combat, public executions, and emperors giving thumbs up and thumbs down. Dr Peta Greenfield of the Partial Historians podcast drops by to talk about Vespasian, Titus, and the gladiators themselves. We discuss visiting Rome, gorging on gelato, and the joys of exploring the living city. The recipe is bruschetta, the perfect appetizer of which you've probably only had disappointing versions. Not this time, my friends. Not this time. Salvete!
S4 E33 · Tue, March 13, 2018
Pompeii and Herculaneum and the Eruption of Vesuvius
The volcano Vesuvius still looms of the ruined Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum, along the coast of Southern Italy. Dr. Fiona Radford from the Partial Historians stops by to discuss these accidental wonders: towns whose destruction have preserved a remarkable view of Roman daily life. We follow Pliny the Elder as he ventures to his death, pillow strapped to his head. There's chaos, destruction, drama, and weird fish sauce! Plus I cannot be so close to Naples without talking about pizza, that most glorious gift to the world.
S4 E32 · Tue, February 27, 2018
Masada and the Great Jewish Revolt
A drama in three acts, all centered on the Fortress of Masada, a remarkable bastion perched above the Dead Sea in Israel. King Herod builds a pleasure palace, the Zealots make their last stand against Rome, and Israel returns at last. There are no heroes here, no villains, just complex people doing great and terrible deeds. Josephus, historian/traitor, takes us through the story of the Great Jewish Revolt and the destruction of the Temple. Masada visitor Lisa Goldberg tells us about the experience of climbing up (and down again) and exploring the ruins. And we eat traditional holiday goodies: sufganiyot and just in time for Purim, hamantaschen. Plus Israeli breakfasts.
Bonus · Tue, February 13, 2018
The Two Bethlehems
A short bonus episode. Drew's daughter makes her first podcasting appearance as she tells you the story of the Two Bethlehems. Bethlehem, Indiana is a popular place to mail Christmas cards, but there's more to its story than that!
S4 E31 · Tue, February 06, 2018
The Church of the Holy Sepulchre and the Beginning of Christianity
Jesus Christ arrives on the scene, to the consternation of the Roman authorities and the Jewish establishment. We visit the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, site of his death and resurrection, and the holiest site in Christianity. What made Jesus so revolutionary? Garry Stevens from the History in the Bible podcast comes back to the show to talk about the historical aspects of the gospels, as we tell the story of that fateful weekend in April, nearly 2000 years ago. Even better, Gary Arndt from everything-everywhere.com returns to describe his visit to the church during Holy Week and to Bethlehem. And of course, there's food too, including Jerusalem mixed grill.
S4 E30 · Tue, January 23, 2018
The Catacombs of Kom el Shoqafa and Queen Cleopatra
Back to Alexandria we go to visit the Catacombs of Kom El Shoqafa, a little-known but fascinating burial chamber encapsulating the marriage of Egyptian, Greek and Roman cultures and traditions. Talking about the marriage of Egyptian, Greek, and Roman, we meet Cleopatra, last pharaoh of Egypt and noted seductress of Julius Caesar and Mark Antony. Or was she? She might be one of the most consequential people in antiquity, and we try to get to the bottom of her story with Margot Collins from the Undressed Historia podcast. What's more, Gary Arndt from everything-everywhere.com drops by to talk about visiting Alexandria, including scuba diving to see the remnants of the Lighthouse! Alexandria may not have much left from antiquity, but "age cannot wither her, nor custom stale her infinite variety." Sorry, obligatory Shakespeare line. In the process, we'll talk about feteer, a sort of buttery, flaky, Alexandrian pizza. To Egypt!
S4 E29 · Tue, January 09, 2018
The Pont du Gard and Vercingetorix vs Julius Caesar
Julius Caesar takes on Vercingetorix and the Gauls as we travel to Provence in Southern France. The Pont du Gard is a Roman aqueduct, the largest left standing, and it's just one of the many legacies the Romans left in the land of lavender and sunshine. While here, we visit Avignon and spend a detour talking about the papacy and the Slap of Agnani - one of those surprising little histories we've all forgotten that had a tremendous impact on the world. To eat, how about some ratatouille? Except that it's January and so good tomatoes are hard to find. So let's try soupe au pistou instead! Bienvenue!
Bonus · Mon, December 25, 2017
Demetrius, Besieger of Cities
Bonus Episode! We have a running joke on this podcast about Demetrius Poliorcetes, Besieger of Cities. Despite having failed spectacularly at besieging Rhodes, he left a remarkable legacy across the Hellenistic world. Well, as a Christmas treat, I give you his full story. It's AMAZING. There is no full-length modern history of Demetrius, and there ought to be. He went from young upstart general to savior-god of Athens to death in a prison cell. Very few people had the ups and downs of this man, and in the process, he experienced many of our wonders in a way that few people have. And in a very real way, his story is our story, for good or for bad. Many thanks to Plutarch for the primary material. And Happy Holidays!
S4 E28 · Tue, December 19, 2017
Petra and the Nabataeans
Lost city of the Nabataeans, the rock-cut city of Petra has been rightfully celebrated as a Wonder of the World, at least since that Indiana Jones movie. But the story is well worth telling. We'll talk about the Nabataeans, their caravans, and their run-ins with the Greeks, Romans and Judeans. We'll meet Pompey the Pompous. And we'll eat Bedouin classics from underground pit ovens. Stephanie Craig from the History Fangirl podcast shares her experiences traveling in Jordan. For such a small country, there's so much there. You will have chosen wisely to download this episode. Enjoy!
S4 E27 · Thu, December 07, 2017
The Roman Forum - Part II: The Second Punic War
Back for Part II! Nitin Sil from the Flash Point History podcast joins me to discuss the Second Punic War, Hannibal, and Scipio. Was Hannibal crossing the Alps really a big deal? How did Rome win in the end? I also talk about mathematician and defense contractor extraordinaire Archimedes and his antique death ray! Plus, finally, a play-by-play of the Roman Forum, how to stroll the streets of modern Rome, and enjoying pecorino romano cheese. If you don't crave spaghetti cacio e pepe now, you will!
S4 E26 · Tue, November 28, 2017
The Roman Forum - Part I: the First Punic War
An episode so big I had to break it in half! Here comes Rome, both the vibrant, chaotic, eye-catching capital of Italy, and the civilization that made that capital possible. This episode looks at the rise of Rome and the first Punic War with Carthage, that other great Mediterranean Empire. We'll take side trips to Sicily as well as Tunisia to talk about cannoli and harissa. Worth it. In fact, I get so caught up talking about Rome vs Carthage that I don't even get to the Roman Forum itself. That's OK - there's always next week, when Part II will take us to the Eternal City for a sunset look at the ruins.
Bonus · Sat, November 04, 2017
Special Anniversary Bonus Episode!
It's our FIRST ANNIVERSARY. To celebrate, let's explore EPCOT: a place you can visit many wonders of the world, all at once. Sort of. What you might not expect is its fascinating history and the weird vision Walt Disney had for his Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow. There's also a "state of the podcast" bit at the end and a giant thank you to you for listening to me ramble all these months.
S3 E25 · Tue, October 24, 2017
The Terracotta Army of Xian and Qin Shi Huangdi
They stand row on row in silent guard of a long-dead autocrat. The Terracotta Army, built to defend the tomb of China's First Emperor, Qin Shi Huangdi, are the greatest archaeological discovery of the 20th century. Joined by Abel Kay, we look into the story of the Emperor who unified China, and the ruthless path he took to do it. We'll talk about scheming merchants, pretend eunuchs, beheaded generals, assassins, scholars buried alive, rivers of mercury, and the secret to immortality. Sound like enough for you? We'll also explore Xian, imperial city, and sample some biang biang noodles and lamb bread soup. On the way, there might be a detour to Indianapolis, because why not?
S3 E24 · Tue, October 10, 2017
The Theater of Dionysus and the Peloponnesian War
All the world is a stage, and the first stage was in Athens, the birthplace of tragedy. With Darby Vickers from the History of Greece podcast, we visit with the great playwrights, as Athens hits a great turning point: the Peloponnesian War. That doesn't go well, and who's to blame? Surely not a homely old teacher in the Agora? Indeed. But his student will have the last laugh. All this plus skordalia!
S3 E23 · Tue, September 26, 2017
The Parthenon and the Age of Pericles
Athens has won the war against Persia, but now what? The Golden Age of Pericles, that's what! He's building temples, making money, enlarging an empire, all in the name of democracy. Darby Vickers from the History of Greece podcast stops by to talk about the Great Democrat as well as what it's like to visit the Parthenon today. The one in Athens, not the one in Nashville. She also talks about Greek bakeries and the joy that is spanakotiropita. The intro today (my first one ever!) is from Lynn Perkins of the History of the Ottoman Empire podcast. He does fine work, and I can't wait to bug him when I get to Topkapi Palace.
S3 E22 · Tue, September 12, 2017
The Oracle of Delphi and the Persian War
The priestess of Apollo will answer your questions, if not how you expect. Will Athens survive the war with the Persians? Should Sparta march to help? Will you enjoy this episode on the Oracle of Delphi in Greece, featuring the brilliance of Alison Innes and Darrin Sunstrum from the MythTake podcast and Lantern Jack from Ancient Greece Declassified? Yes. Yes you will. We'll talk about the Oracle, how it came to be and how it worked. We'll follow the Greeks in their war with the Persians. We'll visit Delphi and eat roast lamb and greens. You won't need gas rising from the temple floor to enjoy this one!
S3 E21 · Tue, August 29, 2017
The Eternal Fires of Mount Chimaera and the Roots of the Persian War
Is this burning an eternal flame? Why yes. Yes, it is. Nestled in the hills of Lycia in southwestern Turkey, the Yanartaş of Mount Chimaera is a series of methane-fueled fires that have burnt for at least 2500 years. Lycia has a fascinating history and is well worth a quick detour from our narrative, so let's take a look. Joining us is Roxanne from Mythology Translated, to share the myths of the chimaera and other fine folks. We'll also talk Ionia, to set us up for the great conflict between Persia and Greece. And we'll have some sweet, sticky halva! Oh, and Santa Claus shows up. Sort of.
S3 E19 · Tue, July 11, 2017
The Mahabodhi Temple of Bodh Gaya and the Beginning of Buddhism
The prince who became an enlightened holy man, the Buddha took India by storm. We'll cover him and his contemporary Mahavira and two kings who followed their teaching while building India's first great empire: Chandragupta Maurya and Ashoka. It's storytelling time! Vivek Vasan helps out again and shares his mom's litti chokha recipe as we visit Bihar to see the great temple by the Bodhi Tree.
S3 E18 · Tue, June 20, 2017
The Ghats of Varanasi and the Beginnings of Hinduism
Holiest site in Hinduism, Varanasi's riverside ghats are a swirl of color, faith, life, and death. We discuss the vedas, the great epics, and the development of Indian civilization with Vivek Vasan from the Historical India podcast.
S3 E17 · Tue, June 06, 2017
Mount Tai and the Beginnings of Confucianism and Daoism
Looming over Confucius' home province of Shandong, Mount Tai is the holiest place in Daoism, which means we can tackle both great philosophies while discussing feudal China and Shandong cuisine.
S2 E16 · Tue, May 16, 2017
The Western Wall of Jerusalem and the Beginning of Judaism
The Jews had been exiled, came back, were exiled again, and have come back again. Through the process they changed a temple into a book, redefining religion. We'll see the Western Wall and talk Israeli breakfasts with Lara Rodin and Noah Lew, and Garry Stephens of the History in the Bible podcast helps us examine the biblical history.
S2 E15 · Wed, May 03, 2017
The Dead Sea and the History in the Torah
Near the shores of the salt-saturated Dead Sea, the Israelites wrote the world's most read book. Garry Stephens of the History in the Bible podcast helps us examine historical accuracy, while Lara Rodin and Noah Lew help us visit Israel. Plus falafel!
S2 E14 · Tue, April 18, 2017
The Temple of Ramesses at Abu Simbel and Pharaoh Ramesses the Great
Ramesses the Great, public relations genius, takes us to Abu Simbel to visit his masterpiece of self-glorification. We talk about his reign and visiting Aswan with Dominic and Jack one last time. Plus ancient graffiti, singing kids on boats, and pudding!
S2 E13 · Tue, April 04, 2017
The Tombs of the Valley of the Kings and Pharaohs Akhenaten and Tutankhamun
We're sticking around Luxor, Egypt, and crossing the Nile to visit the tombs of the New Kingdom pharaohs in the Valley of the Kings. We discuss Tut and Akhenaten. Plus pigeons! Dominic Perry and Lantern Jack stop by again to share their thoughts and tips.
S2 E12 · Tue, March 21, 2017
The Temples of Karnak and Luxor and Pharaoh Hatshepsut
We go to Luxor Egypt, ancient capital of the New Kingdom, to visit the great temples of Karnak and Luxor. We discuss Hatshepsut: a fascinating woman who became king. We also talk temple-side fries! Special thanks to Dominic Perry and Lantern Jack.
S2 E11 · Tue, March 07, 2017
Santorini and the Minoans
We go to the Greek island of Santorini to learn about the eruption that devastated the Minoan civilization of nearby Crete. Plus minotaurs, donkeys, Atlantis and Cretan cuisine! Thanks to Margo Anton and Seth Ruderman for their help.
S2 E10 · Mon, February 20, 2017
Stonehenge and Neolithic Britain
We go to Southwest England to see Stonehenge. We talk about the Neolithic revolution, Wales, Arthur and the Holy Grail, Bath, the Cotswolds, and clotted cream and scones. It's a lot! Thanks to Alexa Echlov and Rooksie Noorai for their help.
Bonus · Thu, February 16, 2017
Life in a Northern Territory
Bonus episode - An audio transcript of an interview of Ian, friend of the show and resident of the Northern Territory, in which he describes the heat, the snakes, the beer, and life in the far reaches of Australia's north. Read by Drew.
S2 E9 · Tue, February 07, 2017
Uluru and Aboriginal Australians
We go to the Northern Territory of Australia to see Uluru, aka Ayers Rock, the world's largest monolith. We'll talk about Aboriginal Australians, snack on bush tucker, and somehow do an entire episode without mentioning AC/DC.
S2 E8 · Tue, January 24, 2017
Ngorongoro Crater and the Birth of Humanity
We're off to Tanzania, to see Earth's largest unfilled caldera: Ngorongoro Crater. We'll also discuss nearby Oldupai Gorge and the evolution of man. Special guest Michelle Jones talks about her trip to Tanzania. We eat ugali and mchicha.
S1 E7 · Tue, January 10, 2017
The Lighthouse of Alexandria and the Rise of the Ptolemies
This episode, we visit Alexandria, Egypt, at its peak, as we check out the Lighthouse (or Pharos) and the Great Library. We'll enjoy some ful medames, and talk Ptolemy. Plus science!
S1 E6 · Tue, December 27, 2016
The Colossus of Rhodes and the "Besieger of Cities"
It's big! It's bronze! This week, we'll head to the Greek island of Rhodes, and hear them undergo two separate sieges, one of which led to the mighty and short-lived Colossus. We'll also sample some classic Rhodian food with all the garlic that implies.
Bonus · Tue, December 20, 2016
The Two Artemisias
Bonus Episode! Turns out there were two Artemisias. In this bonus episode, we take a look at Artemisia the First of Halicarnassus, who was a naval commander in the Persian War at the Battle of Salamis. I'll let our old pal Herodotus explain more.
S1 E5 · Tue, December 13, 2016
The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus and Artemisia of Caria
This episode, we're heading down the Turkish Coast to Bodrum, formerly called Halicarnassus and home of the long-lost Mausoleum, symbol of should-have-been-forbidden love. We'll also check out the thermal springs at Pamukkale and eat swordfish kebabs!
S1 E4 · Wed, November 30, 2016
The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus and Herostratic Fame
This week, we sail to Turkey to visit the great temple of Artemis in Ephesus, which at its peak was one of the world's largest and richest cities. Since the temple is gone, we'll tour the ruined city and eat a seafood feast.
S1 E3 · Fri, November 18, 2016
The Statue of Zeus at Olympia and the Olympic Games
This week, it's off to Greece's Peloponnese peninsula, to visit Olympia, home of the Statue of Zeus and the original Olympic Games. We'll also take a side trip to Sparta and seek out that most Greek of healthy fats: olive oil.
S1 E2 · Fri, November 11, 2016
The Hanging Gardens of Babylon and the Assyrian and Babylonian Civilizations
We travel to Babylon in Iraq, to search for the elusive remains of Nebuchadnezzar's Hanging Gardens, which might have not have been his at all. We'll also try masguf and tepsi, Iraqi specialties which have been enjoyed for centuries.
S1 E1 · Thu, November 10, 2016
The Great Pyramid of Khufu and the Sphinx of Giza
We start our trip around the world in Giza, Egypt, to see the Great Pyramid. We'll talk about how pyramids came to be and how a prince used the Sphinx to build legitimacy, and we'll eat koshari, the veg-friendly national dish.
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