What's That Rash?
Get answers to the health questions everyone's asking. Our experts give you the information you need to feel good and make the best decisions for your brain and body.
Thu, April 17, 2025
The perimenopause diaries from Ladies, We Need to Talk
Hot flashes. Night sweats. Aching joints. Sore boobs. Welcome to your body in perimenopause! In episode one of this four-part series, Yumi Stynes speaks to women in the thick of perimenopause and battling physical symptoms. She also sits down with Dr Susan Davis, endocrinologist and world-leading expert on sex hormones and ageing to learn the best treatments for bothersome symptoms and how look after yourself in this stage of life. No sweat! Essential listening if you're going through perimenopause right now, or for those wanting to know what's over the hormonal horizon.
Tue, April 15, 2025
Can you train yourself to pee less?
Do you find yourself complaining that you've got a small bladder, as you run to the toilet for the third time in an hour? There are many reasons a person might pee more than others, including some scary medical conditions. But as Norman and Tegan explain, in most cases your bladder is just deconditioned and you need to get your urinary tract into shape. References: Bladder control: Lifestyle strategies ease problems A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial of a product containing pumpkin seed extract and soy germ extract to improve overactive bladder-related voiding dysfunction and quality of life Pumpkin Seed Oil Extracted From Cucurbita maxima Improves Urinary Disorder in Human Overactive Bladder Prosta Fink Forte capsules in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Multicentric surveillance study in 2245 patients
Tue, April 08, 2025
How worried should you be about microplastics?
Microplastics are everywhere – they’re in the air, in the water and in our bodies. There’s plenty of evidence for that, but it’s still unclear what effects these microplastics are having on our health. Norman and Tegan unpack what we do and don’t know about these tiny specs of plastic, and what you might be able to do about them. References: Ingested microplastics: Do humans eat one credit card per week? A review of the endocrine disrupting effects of micro and nano plastic and their associated chemicals in mammals Association of mixed exposure to microplastics with sperm dysfunction: a multi-site study in China First evidence of microplastics in human ovarian follicular fluid: An emerging threat to female fertility Microplastics and Nanoplastics in Atheromas and Cardiovascular Events | New England Journal of Medicine Bioaccumulation of microplastics in decedent human brains | Nature Medicine Chewing Gum Releases Hundreds of Microplastics In Your Mouth, Study Finds
Tue, April 01, 2025
Is daylight saving time bad for us?
This week parts of Australia are preparing to wind back their clocks to mark the ending of daylight saving time. For a long time the country has been divided about the positives and the negatives of changing the clocks twice a year. Norman and Tegan look into the health effects of this shift – from the impact on sleep to medical procedures and road accidents. References: Basic concepts and unique features of human circadian rhythms: implications for human health | Nutrition Reviews | Oxford Academic Are Daylight Saving Time Changes Bad for the Brain? | Cerebrovascular Disease | JAMA Neurology Daylight Saving Time and Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Meta-Analysis Daylight savings time transitions and risk of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: An interrupted time series analysis Embryo transfers performed during daylight savings time led to reduced live birth rates in older patients | Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics Daylight saving time as a potential public health intervention Does lowering evening rectal temperature to morning levels offset the diurnal variation in muscle force production?
Tue, March 25, 2025
Do glasses make your eyesight worse?
If you're short-sighted or long-sighted, have astigmatism or double vision, you now live in a world where glasses can help you out. But there's a misconception hanging around that wearing spectacles weakens your eyes over time, and so some people avoid getting their vision checked. Norman and Tegan focus in on how glasses work and the long term impacts of wearing them. References: When time outside doesn't slow short-sightedness - the Health Report The history of spectacles - the College of Optometrists To Correct or Not Correct? Actual Evidence, Controversy and the Questions That Remain Open Undercorrection of myopia enhances rather than inhibits myopia progression Interventions to slow progression of myopia in children - Cochrane Review
Tue, March 18, 2025
Don't sweat it? Conventional vs natural deodorants
We haven’t always suppressed our sweat or our natural body odour, but in many cultures now it’s expected we’ll all try to smell our best. You might be seeing more ads for ‘natural’ deodorants that promise to keep you fresh without any harmful ingredients. Norman and Tegan talk through those ingredients, and whether they carry any risks. References: The specific biochemistry of human axilla odour formation viewed in an evolutionary context Use of Aluminium in Antiperspirants - Australian Department of Health Antiperspirants/Deodorants and Breast Cancer - National Cancer Institute Antiperspirants - National Kidney Foundation How Advertisers Convinced Americans They Smelled Bad - Smithsonian Magazine
Tue, March 11, 2025
How much protein do you REALLY need?
Protein is having its moment — walk any supermarket aisle and you'll find product after product boasting its protein content. Do you need to be loading up on protein through powders or processed foods, or can you meet your goals with whole foods? Norman and Tegan unpack why protein is important and how much you need each day. References: Protein - Nutrient Reference Values for Australia and New Zealand Tips to boost protein in your diet from Dietitians Australia How much protein can the body use in a single meal for muscle-building? Implications for daily protein distribution Association between dietary protein intake and risk of chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Tue, March 04, 2025
What's so bad about fine particulate air pollution?
Long-time listeners would have heard Norman decrying fine particulate air pollution and its negative effects on health. But when it’s all around us – on our worksites, in our offices and on our motorways – how are you supposed to protect yourself? Norman and Tegan explain what fine particulate air pollution is, and what it does to the body once it’s breathed in. References: Estimates of global mortality burden associated with short-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) The health effects of fine particulate air pollution Ambient (outdoor) air pollution - World Health Organization Particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) - Australian Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water Air pollution is not ‘the new smoking’: comparing the disease burden of air pollution and smoking across the globe, 1990–2017 East Side Story: Historical Pollution and Persistent Neighborhood Sorting
Tue, February 25, 2025
Does magnesium work against muscle cramps?
Cramping muscles are common, whether they’re associated with exercise or not. Knowing what causes them can help people avoid them or treat them, but for many people it's not a simple story. Norman and Tegan talk through some of the theories behind this painful phenomenon, and why magnesium might not be the answer. References: Muscle cramps: A comparison of the two-leading hypothesis Influence of Hydration and Electrolyte Supplementation on Incidence and Time to Onset of Exercise-Associated Muscle Cramps Magnesium for skeletal muscle cramps - Cochrane Review A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study assessing the efficacy of magnesium oxide monohydrate in the treatment of nocturnal leg cramps Pickle Juice Intervention for Cirrhotic Cramps Reduction: The PICCLES Randomized Controlled Trial Australian Institute of Sport's sports supplement framework: pickle juice
Tue, February 18, 2025
Which hair loss treatments actually work?
Hair loss is common, but there are many different causes and potentially many different treatments. From topical ointments to light therapy, to scalp massage routines. What works to slow, or even reverse, hair loss? Norman and Tegan comb through the evidence for approved treatments and too-good-to-be-true snake oil. References: Male pattern baldness - Healthdirect Male Androgenetic Alopecia with an overview of treatments - NIH Female pattern hair loss - Healthdirect What is minoxidil, the anti-balding hair growth treatment? Here's what the science says - ABC News Low-Level Laser (Light) Therapy (LLLT) for Treatment of Hair Loss Autologous platelet-rich plasma therapy for pattern hair loss: A systematic review
Mon, February 17, 2025
We're answering your questions LIVE! March 30!
What's That Rash? is returning to the World Science Festival Brisbane for another year. Norman and Tegan will be answering the health questions everyone (at WSFB) is asking, 10am on March 30 at Queensland Museum Theatre. Check out the event here and send in your questions to thatrash@abc.net.au
Tue, February 11, 2025
Can functional mushrooms really help treat cancer?
The use of mushrooms in medicine goes back centuries, but there’s still a lot to learn about the bioactive compounds in fungi. There are many claims surrounding 'functional mushrooms' – types of mushrooms thought to have medicinal properties beyond simple nutrition. These include lion’s mane, reishi, cordyceps, shiitake and turkey tail. Norman and Tegan forage through the evidence for using mushrooms against cancer, to boost the immune system and to amplify cognition. We're doing a live show! Catch What's That Rash? at the World Science Festival Brisbane on March 30th. References: Aboriginal use of fungi Medicinal Mushroom Supplements in Cancer: A Systematic Review of Clinical Studies Fungal beta-glucans as adjuvants for treating cancer patients – A systematic review of clinical trials A review of the effects of mushrooms on mood and neurocognitive health across the lifespan Mushrooms magnify memory by boosting nerve growth - University of Queensland
Tue, February 04, 2025
Why are people taping their mouths?
Depending on your corner of the internet, you might have seen people swearing by this new sleep hack, mouth taping. People claim they’re better rested, have better breath and stronger jawlines – all because they force themselves to breathe through their noses overnight. Norman and Tegan tackle this taping trend with an N=1 experiment, and a look at the relevant research. References: Mouth taping: a little less conversation, a little more action, please! Effect of mouth taping at night on asthma control--a randomised single-blind crossover study The Impact of Mouth-Taping in Mouth-Breathers with Mild Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Preliminary Study The Role of the Nose in Sleep-disordered Breathing Acute nasal breathing lowers diastolic blood pressure and increases parasympathetic contributions to heart rate variability in young adults Nocturnal mouth-taping and social media: A scoping review of the evidence
Tue, January 28, 2025
There's a lot of fog around brain fog
Unfortunately many more people have heard about brain fog because of the pandemic and long COVID. But the symptom was first mentioned centuries ago, and has been associated with dozens of conditions. Norman and Tegan try to define brain fog, and explain why it can be difficult to treat. References: What is brain fog? - BMJ neuropsychiatry Subjective brain fog: a four-dimensional characterization in 25,796 participants Comprehensive Clinical Characterisation of Brain Fog in Adults Reporting Long COVID Symptoms Understanding the Experience and Impacts of Brain Fog in Chronic Pain: A Scoping Review Low-dose naltrexone use for the management of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 ‘Brain fag’: a syndrome associated with ‘overstudy’ and mental exhaustion in 19th century Britain
Tue, January 21, 2025
Why is everyone suddenly talking about seed oils?
It can be hard to keep up with food fads and diet trends (and spoiler: you don’t need to). But an intriguing assumption that has gained traction recently is that seed oils – think canola, sunflower, grapeseed – are terrible for you. Norman and Tegan unpack how that assumption has spread, and whether there’s any solid evidence to back it up. References: Biomarkers of Dietary Omega-6 Fatty Acids and Incident Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality Serum n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of death: the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study Omega-6 fats to prevent and treat heart and circulatory diseases Polyunsaturated fatty acids intake and risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, breast cancer, mental health, and type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies Perspective on the health effects of unsaturated fatty acids and commonly consumed plant oils high in unsaturated fat If you’re worried about inflammation, stop stressing about seed oils and focus on the basics
Tue, January 14, 2025
Can you get away with skipping your daily shower?
January is an especially sweaty time in Australia, so maybe park this life change until the weather cools down… But is it necessary to bathe every day? As we learn more about the microbiome on our skin, more and more people are questioning their hygiene routine. Norman and Tegan sniff out the evidence for and against regular washing. References: A natural history of hygiene The Cutaneous Microbiome and Aspects of Skin Antimicrobial Defense System Resist Acute Treatment with Topical Skin Cleansers The Role of Every-Day Cosmetics in Altering the Skin Microbiome: A Study Using Biodiversity How Often People in Various Countries Shower - The Atlantic What Happens When You Don’t Shower For Five Years - Science Friday
Tue, January 07, 2025
Should you base your diet on your blood type?
You might've heard of the blood type diet popularised in the 90s off the back of a best-selling book. It’s based on the theory that blood types emerged at different times in history, when our ancestors had very different diets. So does that mean certain foods are better for an A-, an AB+ or even an O-?As Norman and Tegan explain, it’s a complicated story. References: Blood type diets lack supporting evidence: a systematic review Blood Type Is Not Associated with Changes in Cardiometabolic Outcomes in Response to a Plant-Based Dietary Intervention Genetically Determined ABO Blood Group and its Associations With Health and Disease The Role of ABO Blood Type in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Systematic Review
Tue, December 31, 2024
The four steps you need to form a habit
There are MANY books out there on habit formation. Are they all saying the same thing? Some habits are more complicated than others. Some habits require us to untangle one automatic set of behaviours and replace them with another. It can be a long process — much longer than the 21 days that's often promised. Norman and Tegan tell us how to form a new habit, in far less than 300 pages, so you can get started. References Neurobiology of habit formation How the brain controls our habits - MIT Bridging the gap between striatal plasticity and learning Basal ganglia and beyond: The interplay between motor and cognitive aspects in Parkinson’s disease rehabilitation You are what you repeatedly do: Links between personality and habit How are habits formed: Modelling habit formation in the real world How does habit form? Guidelines for tracking real-world habit formation The role of habit in compulsivity Goal-Directed and Habitual Control in Human Substance Use: State of the Art and Future Directions
Tue, December 24, 2024
Is that glass of red wine over Christmas dinner good for you?
'Tis the season to indulge. As you sit down with family and friends, an age-old debate might arise: does drinking a single glass of red wine make you healthier? In this episode first published May 1, 2024, Norman and Tegan try to find out the answer once and for all. References: The French paradox: Lessons for other countries Moderate Wine Consumption and Health: A Narrative Review Health Effects of Red Wine Consumption: A Narrative Review of an Issue That Still Deserves Debate
Tue, December 17, 2024
Infrared, ultraviolet and LED therapy – can lights cure us?
You might have seen those robot-looking red light masks being sold for skincare purposes. You might have thought — looks technological, but does it work? It's not just red light. There are a spectrum of health claims from infrared to ultraviolet. Norman and Tegan go through the rainbow to assess where there's evidence, and where there's not. References: Near Infrared Photoimmunotherapy: A Review of Recent Progress and Their Target Molecules for Cancer Therapy Effect of NASA Light-Emitting Diode Irradiation on Wound Healing Visible Red Light Emitting Diode Photobiomodulation for Skin Fibrosis: Key Molecular Pathways Utilization of light-emitting diodes for skin therapy: Systematic review and meta-analysis Photodynamic Therapy Using HMME for Port-Wine Stains: Clinical Effectiveness and Sonographic Appearance Effect of Blue Light on Acne Vulgaris: A Systematic Review The efficacy of violet light in the treatment of acne Featured review: What are the benefits and risks of light therapy for treating atopic eczema? Light therapy for preventing seasonal affective disorder
Tue, December 10, 2024
What's the lowdown on energy drinks?
Life can be exhausting, and while a nap might be in order, it’s rare you’ve got time to take one. Caffeine can come to the rescue, but you might not be a fan of tea of coffee. Energy drinks are an alternative, but are they any good for you? Norman and Tegan explain what modern energy drinks contain, and what the ingredients do. What's That Rash? is on YouTube! Subscribe to ABC Science to watch the podcast. References: Prevalence and Amounts of Common Ingredients Found in Energy Drinks and Shots International society of sports nutrition position stand: energy drinks and energy shots Consumption of energy drinks by children and young people: a systematic review examining evidence of physical effects and consumer attitudes Energy Drinks and Their Adverse Health Effects: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis A randomized, placebo-controlled crossover trial of a decaffeinated energy drink shows no significant acute effect on mental energy Taurine deficiency as a driver of aging This scientist treated her own cancer with viruses she grew in the lab
Tue, December 03, 2024
Is sitting the new smoking?
Many people live sedentary lives, sitting in an office all day then coming home to sit on the couch all night. What are the health harms of too much sitting? And do they compare to smoking as some headlines claim? Norman and Tegan settle in to explain the risks, and what you can do to avoid them. What's That Rash? is on YouTube! Subscribe to ABC Science to watch the podcast. References: Evaluating the Evidence on Sitting, Smoking, and Health: Is Sitting Really the New Smoking? Trends in Self-Reported Sitting Time by Physical Activity Levels Among US Adults, NHANES 2007/2008–2017/2018 Recent Trends in Sedentary Time: A Systematic Literature Review Sedentary behaviour and health in adults: an overview of systematic reviews Around 10,000 steps a day may counteract health risks of high sedentary time
Tue, November 26, 2024
Can collagen supplements keep your skin supple?
We live in a world full of influencers pushing us products promising to keep us looking bouncy and youthful forever. Collagen is a hugely important protein that does play a role in plumping up our skin — as well as supporting muscles, bones and connective tissues. Norman and Tegan find out how effective collagen supplements are in skin care, and which kind you should look out for if you want to see results. What's That Rash? is on YouTube! Subscribe to ABC Science to watch the podcast. References: Decreased Collagen Production in Chronologically Aged Skin Effects of Oral Collagen for Skin Anti-Aging: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Effects of hydrolyzed collagen supplementation on skin aging: a systematic review and meta-analysis Oral Collagen Supplementation: A Systematic Review of Dermatological Applications The impact of collagen protein ingestion on musculoskeletal connective tissue remodeling: a narrative review
Tue, November 19, 2024
Are mobile phones giving us cancer?
These days, our mobile phones are rarely far away. Whether it’s in your hand, your pocket, or under your pillow at night. Mobiles do emit radiation in order to connect to phone towers, which enables us to stay in contact with people and the internet. But is that radiation doing us harm? Norman and Tegan talk through the facts – what we do know, don’t know and suspect about our tech companions. What's That Rash? is coming to YouTube! Keep an eye out for the video version of this episode on ABC Science . References: National Cancer Institute - Cell Phones and Cancer Risk Mobile phone use and incidence of brain tumour histological types, grading or anatomical location: a population-based ecological study Has the incidence of brain cancer risen in Australia since the introduction of mobile phones 29 years ago? 5G: the new generation of the mobile phone network and health
Tue, November 12, 2024
Should you be avoiding nightshades?
Why are people with arthritis being told to stop eating potatoes, tomatoes and egg plants? Vegetables in the nightshade family have been under scrutiny for decades, but the fad of cutting them out of our diets has seen a recent resurgence. Norman and Tegan investigate where all this shade comes from, and whether there's any evidence to support it. References: Deadly Nightshade: A Botanical Biography Flavonoids, alkaloids and saponins: are these plant-derived compounds an alternative to the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis? A literature review Risk assessment of glycoalkaloids in feed and food, in particular in potatoes and potato-derived products α-Solanine attenuates chondrocyte pyroptosis to improve osteoarthritis via suppressing NF-κB pathway Antioxidants in Potatoes: A Functional View on One of the Major Food Crops Worldwide
Tue, November 05, 2024
Is NAD+ a miracle anti-ageing supplement?
We've been searching for a fountain of youth for millennia. How can we not only live longer, but live healthier for longer? Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is the latest anti-ageing candidate under the microscope. Norman and Tegan explain what it is, and whether supplements promising to boost NAD actually do what's advertised on the bottle. References: NAD+ metabolism and its roles in cellular processes during ageing NAD+ in Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Disorders What is really known about the effects of nicotinamide riboside supplementation in humans Dietary Supplementation With NAD+-Boosting Compounds in Humans: Current Knowledge and Future Directions The use of a systems approach to increase NAD+ in human participants Specific ablation of Nampt in adult neural stem cells recapitulates their functional defects during aging
Tue, October 29, 2024
How medical mysteries fed monster myths
Vampires and werewolves and zombies, oh my! Where did all these monsters come from? Undiagnosed medical conditions might have fuelled the mythology behind some of these creatures. Norman and Tegan delve into why vampires drink blood, why werewolves howl at the full moon and how a hex might have its intended effect. References: ABC's FrankenScience: Can Vampires Get Syphilis? and Witchcraft or Just a Placebo? All in the Mind: What's behind a paranormal experience? Porphyria and Vampirism—A Myth, Sensationalized Moon and Health: Myth or Reality? The undead in culture and science Reversibility of apoptosis in cancer cells Medical practice and placebo response: an inseparable bond?
Tue, October 22, 2024
Can't stop sneezing? What to do when hay fever hits
It’s hay fever season, and as you sniffle away next to an air purifier, you might be wondering why we haven’t cured such a common ailment. Allergic rhinitis, as it’s scientifically known, has plagued people for generations. It's thought up to 24 per cent of Australians suffer from it. Norman and Tegan run through what hay fever is, how we identified it and what can be done to treat it. References: Allergic Rhinitis: A Review O Rose thou art sick… history of allergic rhinitis I’m considering allergen immunotherapy for my hay fever. What do I need to know? Ingestion of honey improves the symptoms of allergic rhinitis: evidence from a randomized placebo-controlled trial The Potential use of Honey as a Remedy for Allergic Diseases: A Mini Review Can you adapt to allergies or does the dog have to go?
Tue, October 15, 2024
What on earth is grounding?!
Many of us are disconnected from nature – we live in cities, work in offices, exercise indoors. There is a hypothesis that our disconnection from the earth itself – the ground – is causing a range of illnesses. But the people selling this hypothesis are also trying to sell you a range of expensive products. Norman and Tegan debunk a pseudoscience that has been gaining traction. References: Electrical Grounding Improves Vagal Tone in Preterm Infants Associations between Nature Exposure and Health: A Review of the Evidence
Tue, October 08, 2024
MSG's messy myths and racist tropes
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a flavour enhancer that often gets a bad wrap. You might know someone who swears it makes them sick, or you yourself might steer clear of foods unless they have that 'no added MSG' label. Norman and Tegan explain why the bad PR around MSG has more to do with shonky research and misconceptions than the ingredient itself. References: MSG in food - Food Standards Australia and New Zealand A review of the alleged health hazards of monosodium glutamate Monosodium glutamate sensitivity in asthma Chinese-Restaurant Syndrome - New England Journal of Medicine
Tue, October 01, 2024
Why is the internet telling me to lower my cortisol?
If you've found yourself in a particular corner of health and wellness TikTok, chances are you've heard all about cortisol. Influencers might be urging you to massage your face, stuff your mouth full of dates and even supplement your diet with sea moss. Norman and Tegan explain why some of that MIGHT make you healthier, but not in the way that you think. References Forgotten episodes of the birth of cortisone The effects of exercise intensity on the cortisol response to a subsequent acute psychosocial stressor Signalling cognition: the gut microbiota and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
Tue, September 24, 2024
Is melatonin the answer to a good night's sleep?
If you've ever complained about a bad night's sleep, you might've been urged to take melatonin. It's a hormone our bodies naturally produce, and also a supplement that many claim can cure insomnia and leave you better rested. But Norman and Tegan tuck into all the reasons we shouldn't be taking melatonin lightly. References What do we really know about the safety and efficacy of melatonin for sleep disorders? Is melatonin safe for children? Quantity of Melatonin and CBD in Melatonin Gummies Sold in the US Clinical trial on the effect of regular tea drinking on iron accumulation in genetic haemochromatosis
Tue, September 17, 2024
What it takes to avoid iron deficiency
Iron deficiency is incredibly common, especially in menstruating women. But this mineral is vital. Our bodies use iron to make haemoglobin, which carries oxygen to our cells. Norman and Tegan take us through what it means to have adequate iron levels, and what it takes. References A Review of Nutrients and Compounds, Which Promote or Inhibit Intestinal Iron Absorption Intermittent iron supplementation for reducing anaemia and its associated impairments in adolescent and adult menstruating women The yersiniabactin transport system is critical for the pathogenesis of bubonic and pneumonic plague
Tue, September 10, 2024
Why do hangovers get worse as we age?
It's a tale as old as time – as you age, hangovers hit harder. The tolerance of your youth wastes away. There's no doubt that any alcohol consumption is bad for you. But that doesn’t mean people aren't drinking. Norman and Tegan explain what alcohol is doing to the body, and why the after effects get harder to cope with as you get older. References The Assessment of Overall Hangover Severity Aldehyde dehydrogenase isozyme variation and alcoholism in Japan Endogenous formation of 1-propanol and methanol after consumption of alcoholic beverages Understanding trends in Australian alcohol consumption—an age–period–cohort model The Alcohol Hangover Research Group: Ten Years of Progress in Research on the Causes, Consequences, and Treatment of the Alcohol Hangover
Tue, September 03, 2024
Rapid-fire round: Answering your sleep questions
We get a LOT of questions about sleep – on everything from cheese dreams to sleep farts. Why do you jerk awake as you're drifting off? Why are you itchy as soon as you get into bed? Norman and Tegan snooze through some sleep-related questions in this rapid-fire special. References Too Sour to be True? Tart Cherries (Prunus cerasus) and Sleep: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Dreams of the Rarebit Fiend: food and diet as instigators of bizarre and disturbing dreams Sleeping position during early and mid pregnancy does not affect risk of complications The Relationship between Sleeping Position and Sleep Quality: A Flexible Sensor-Based Study Nocturnal Pruritus: The Battle for a Peaceful Night’s Sleep
Tue, August 27, 2024
Can you zap yourself buff with electrical muscle stimulation?
It might not seem like it, but we humans are electrical beings. We rely on electrical impulses to stay alive. So can we rely on electrical impulses … to get swole? Norman and Tegan investigate the various claims surrounding electrical muscle stimulation. References Functional Electrical Stimulation and Spinal Cord Injury Effects of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction on Quadriceps Strength, Function, and Patient-Oriented Outcomes : A Systematic Review Feasibility and efficacy of progressive electrostimulation strength training for competitive tennis players Effects of Whole-Body Electromyostimulation on the Energy-Restriction-Induced Reduction of Muscle Mass During Intended Weight Loss
Tue, August 20, 2024
Why Norman won't shut up about the Mediterranean diet
The Mediterranean diet is the most well studied dietary pattern out there. So – what is it? It’s more than just vegetables, whole grains, healthy fats and sparing consumption of meat. Norman and Tegan take us through ALL the elements that make up this way of eating, which has been attributed to a myriad of health benefits. References Scientific evidence supporting the newly developed one-health labeling tool “Med-Index” Mediterranean diet and health outcomes: a systematic meta-review Perspective: Beyond the Mediterranean Diet—Exploring Latin American, Asian, and African Heritage Diets as Cultural Models of Healthy Eating
Tue, August 13, 2024
Sweaty sauna bathing for better health
In some parts of the world sauna bathing is a daily activity. In Finland, it would even be rude to deny an invitation to get hot and sweaty with a business associate. As well as being culturally significant, the sauna has many touted health benefits – from protecting against cardiovascular disease, to fending off cognitive decline. Norman and Tegan sort through the evidence. References The multifaceted benefits of passive heat therapies for extending the healthspan: A comprehensive review with a focus on Finnish sauna Association Between Sauna Bathing and Fatal Cardiovascular and All-Cause Mortality Events Cardiovascular and Other Health Benefits of Sauna Bathing: A Review of the Evidence
Tue, August 06, 2024
Can't stop biting your nails?
Many people go through phases of nail biting in childhood, and fewer people continue biting their nails into adulthood. It's a habit that can be difficult to break – especially when anxiety can be a trigger, along with boredom. Norman and Tegan take us through the current treatments available for people who want to stop munching on their cuticles. References Onychophagia and onychotillomania can be effectively managed Prevalence and correlates of clinically significant body-focused repetitive behaviors in a non-clinical sample Habit reversal vs. negative practice treatment of nailbiting A review of N-acetylcysteine in the treatment of grooming disorders
Tue, July 30, 2024
Is being an Olympian bad for your health?
If you're glued to your couch watching the Paris Games, you know that elite athletes are beyond impressive. But does that mean they're healthy? Not necessarily. Norman and Tegan unpack the positive and negative impacts of elite-level sport on the body and the mind. References Female and male US Olympic athletes live 5 years longer than their general population counterparts: a study of 8124 former US Olympians Long-term function, body composition and cardiometabolic health in midlife former athletes: a scoping review The mental health of Australian elite athletes Adaptation to life after sport for retired athletes: A scoping review of existing reviews and programs
Tue, July 23, 2024
Are office jobs ruining our bodies?
Offices are catching up to the idea that sitting for eight hours a day might not be great for your health. Standing desks, adjustable monitors and hand rests are common tools in the arsenal of ergonomics. But are we getting it all wrong? Norman and Tegan dispel some myths about the impact of office jobs on the body. References Having 'good' posture doesn’t prevent back pain, and 'bad' posture doesn't cause it Evaluating the Evidence on Sitting, Smoking, and Health: Is Sitting Really the New Smoking? The effectiveness of physical and organisational ergonomic interventions on low back pain and neck pain: a systematic review
Tue, July 16, 2024
What does sneezing have to do with orgasms?
Bodies are weird … but are they THAT weird? Sexually-induced sneezing has been written about in medical texts for hundreds of years. In this live episode from the World Science Festival Brisbane, Norman and Tegan explain what it is, and why it might happen. References Sneezing induced by sexual ideation or orgasm: an under-reported phenomenon
Tue, July 09, 2024
Norman tried an ice bath so you don't have to
You've either seen it, or you've tried it. Ice baths are all the rage right now, in part because they claim to be an effective health and wellbeing booster. Is this just a fad, or is there solid evidence that dipping into freezing cold water can improve your immune system, calm down inflammation and better your mood? Norman went for the plunge – and lived to tell Tegan the tale. Got a health question? Shoot us a line @ABCHealth on Instagram, or send a voice memo to thatrash@abc.net.au. We'd love to hear from you! References Does the Wim Hof Method have a beneficial impact on physiological and psychological outcomes in healthy and non-healthy participants? A systematic review Getting colder ... the invigorating effect of ice baths - The Health Report
Tue, July 02, 2024
How risky is sharing a toothbrush?
Once you get past the initial ick-factor of toothbrush sharing, it's worth considering whether there are any actual harms. Whether we like it or not, our mouths are home to a unique microbiome. As Norman and Tegan explain, it's influenced by what we eat, who we kiss – and yes, who we might share a toothbrush with. References Armed to the Teeth—The Oral Mucosa Immunity System and Microbiota Assessment of Microbial Contamination of a Toothbrush Head with and without a Protective Cover: An Ex Vivo Study
Tue, June 25, 2024
Is gluten really the enemy?
There's no doubt people with coeliac disease should stay away from gluten, but what about the rest of us? There is nothing inherently harmful about gluten when it doesn’t cause you gut trouble. Norman and Tegan talk us through why a gluten-free diet is not necessarily a healthy one. Got a health question? Shoot us a line @ABCHealth on Instagram, or send a voice memo to thatrash@abc.net.au. We'd love to hear from you! References Avoiding gluten when you’re not a coeliac - Health Report Coeliac disease: review of diagnosis and management Gluten-Free Diet: Gaps and Needs for a Healthier Diet Gluten-free diet may increase risk of arsenic, mercury exposure
Tue, June 18, 2024
Phlegm — better out than in?
Feeling yuck? Have you ever wondered about the purpose of all that gunk you're coughing up? At least one of our listeners has … and she wants to know whether there’s any benefit to spitting or swallowing… In this live episode from the World Science Festival Brisbane, Norman and Tegan take us through the answer.
Tue, June 11, 2024
Is botox worth a shot?
It might feel like this wrinkle-busting procedure has been around forever, but it's a relatively recent cosmetic concoction. At first, it was a procedure for already aged skin. Now 20-somethings are using it to try prevent wrinkles from ever forming. Norman and Tegan unpack how we got to this point, and the do's and dont's of the procedure. References: The whole truth about botulinum toxin – a review Botulinum toxin type A for facial wrinkles - Cochrane review Botulinum Toxin and Muscle Atrophy: A Wanted or Unwanted Effect
Tue, June 04, 2024
Should we all be vegetarian?
For the meat eaters still out there, you may be wondering how much is too much when it comes to your health. You will have to weigh up the benefits and the harms. Norman and Tegan take us through the recommendations, and the science to back them up. References: Health effects associated with consumption of unprocessed red meat: a Burden of Proof study Red Meat and Processed Meat Consumption and All-Cause Mortality: A Meta-Analysis Plant-based diets and long-term health: findings from the EPIC-Oxford study
Tue, May 28, 2024
Is apple cider vinegar a cure-all tonic?
Apple cider vinegar is revered in wellness spaces for its health-giving benefits, but is there anything to it? There are claims it can aid with weight loss, boost your gut microbiome and manage blood sugar levels. Norman and Tegan explain how this salad dressing became so famous, and what the science tells us. References: Apple cider vinegar for weight management in Lebanese adolescents and young adults with overweight and obesity: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study Antibacterial apple cider vinegar eradicates methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and resistant Escherichia coli The improvement effect of apple cider vinegar as a functional food on anthropometric indices, blood glucose and lipid profile in diabetic patients: a randomized controlled clinical trial Got a health question? Shoot us a line @ABCHealth on Instagram, or send a voice memo to thatrash@abc.net.au. We'd love to hear from you!
Tue, May 21, 2024
Can you train yourself to sleep less?
Sometimes 24 hours doesn’t feel like nearly enough time to get everything done — those to-do lists aren't going to check themselves. Especially when you're spending around eight hours of that time in bed. Norman and Tegan assess whether it's possible to train yourself to sleep less without any of the negatives. References: Which Is More Important for Health: Sleep Quantity or Sleep Quality? Sleep in the Military Familial natural short sleep mutations reduce Alzheimer pathology in mice What's That Rash? on napping and Norman's nap-time tips
Tue, May 14, 2024
Why everything hurts when you turn 30
It's an age-old adage that youth is wasted on the young – you don't know what you’ve got until it's gone. The aches and pains that start to linger longer as you approach your 30s can feel like a rite of passage. Norman and Tegan explore why this happens, and whether it's inevitable. Got a health question? Shoot us a line @ABCHealth on Instagram, or send a voice memo to thatrash@abc.net.au. We'd love to hear from you! References: Does your body really start falling apart in your 30s? - ABC Health Age changes in pain perception: A systematic-review and meta-analysis of age effects on pain and tolerance thresholds Declining muscle mass is part of aging, but that does not mean you are helpless to stop it
Tue, May 07, 2024
Can sudoku really keep your brain younger for longer?
Dementia is common – more than 400,000 Australians are living with it – but it’s not an inevitable part of ageing. There are ways to lower your risk, and the sooner you start, the better off you’ll be. Norman and Tegan give us the top tips needed to lower your risk of developing the illness as you get older. References: Physical and Mental Activity, Disease Susceptibility, and Risk of Dementia: A Prospective Cohort Study Based on UK Biobank Association of Lifespan Cognitive Reserve Indicator With Dementia Risk in the Presence of Brain Pathologies Drugs Contributing to Anticholinergic Burden and Risk of Fall or Fall-Related Injury among Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment, Dementia and Multiple Chronic Conditions
Tue, April 30, 2024
A single glass of red wine for your health, yeah or nah?
Much has been said about the single glass of red wine. It's good for you, it’s bad for you, it's good for you again. It can be confusing to follow. Norman and Tegan take on this age-old health question — does a single glass of red wine have health boosting benefits? References: The French paradox: Lessons for other countries Moderate Wine Consumption and Health: A Narrative Review Health Effects of Red Wine Consumption: A Narrative Review of an Issue That Still Deserves Debate
Tue, April 23, 2024
Your emotional support water bottle is probably too big
Do you have your water bottle beside you right now? How close are you to reaching your daily water goal? It can feel like a slog sometimes to meet the recommended two lites of water a day. Norman and Tegan pour over the evidence to find out whether it's REALLY necessary to drink that much. References: Food and macronutrient intake of elite Ethiopian distance runners Statement of the 3rd International Exercise-Associated Hyponatremia Consensus Development Conference
Tue, April 16, 2024
How can you boost your immune system?
As the weather cools down, you may be noticing more people around you are dropping from cold or flu. And with COVID-19 also in the mix, it’s understandable that many are wondering how they can boost their immunity to avoid getting sick so often. Norman and Tegan take us through some of the approaches that have the evidence to back them up (and the ones that don’t). References: Nutrition and Athlete Immune Health: New Perspectives on an Old Paradigm Effect of air pollution on the human immune system Current Directions in Stress and Human Immune Function
Tue, April 09, 2024
Is it safe to dose yourself with pre-workout?
It can sometimes be tough to summon the motivation and energy to go to exercise. Well, there’s a product for that and it’s gaining popularity. Pre-workout mixtures come in powders, pills, drinks, gummies — you name it, they’ve got it. Norman and Tegan run through what they actually contain, and what the evidence says about their effectiveness… Got a health question? Shoot us a line @ABCHealth on Instagram, or send a voice memo to thatrash@abc.net.au. We'd love to hear from you! References: Multi-ingredient pre-workout supplements, safety implications, and performance outcomes: a brief review Effects of Beta-Alanine on Muscle Carnosine and Exercise Performance:A Review of the Current Literature Creatine Supplementation for Muscle Growth: A Scoping Review of Randomized Clinical Trials from 2012 to 2021
Tue, April 02, 2024
How do over-the-counter painkillers compare?
When you get a headache, what do you reach for? Ibuprofen, aspirin or paracetamol? Over-the-counter painkillers can be difficult to differentiate, but they do vary, not only in their effectiveness but also in their side effects. Norman and Tegan talk us through how these drugs work, and which one might be best depending on your situation. References: Paracetamol versus ibuprofen – which works best and when? Is paracetamol effective for low back pain? The dangers of NSAIDs: Look both ways
Tue, March 26, 2024
Restless Legs Syndrome and how it's treated
Restless Legs Syndrome is a common condition with somewhat mysterious underpinnings… While it can be a side effect on an underlying condition, many people suffer for no known reason. Norman and Tegan take us through what we know, what we suspect and some of the treatments for those jittery legs… References: Iron and restless legs syndrome: Treatment, genetics and pathophysiology Iron-deficiency and dopaminergic treatment effects on RLS-Like behaviors of an animal model with the brain iron deficiency pattern of the restless legs syndrome The Management of Restless Legs Syndrome:An Updated Algorithm Got a health question? Shoot us a line @ABCHealth on Instagram, or send a voice memo to thatrash@abc.net.au. We'd love to hear from you!
Sat, March 23, 2024
Kate's cancer announcement: What do we know about her health?
Kate Middleton announced via a video message that she is undergoing treatment for cancer. The Princess of Wales has been out of the public eye since Christmas. This is the first official announcement about her condition since she revealed she would be undergoing planned abdominal surgery in January. So what What do we know about Kate's cancer diagnosis? What is the likely treatment? And, given she is relatively young, what's the message for people who do have unexpected new symptoms? What is preventative chemotherapy? What could treatment look like? What are some of the side effects of chemotherapy? How long does it take to recover from? We're answering the health questions everyone's asking on What's That Rash?
Tue, March 19, 2024
Is your (artificial) sweet tooth killing you?
Did you know that we're evolutionarily predisposed to seek out sweet treats? Simple carbs were harder to come by in caveman times than they are today. Now, the consensus is we all need to cut down our sugar intake. One way people are doing that is by replacing their sucrose with non-sugar sweeteners. Norman and Tegan explore whether this is actually a healthy alternative. References: Sweetness and food preference Health effects of the use of non-sugar sweeteners: a systematic review and meta-analysis The World Health Organisation on aspartame, and dietary guidelines
Tue, March 12, 2024
Pimples, spots and pleuks: The who, why and what (to do)
Although it’s often thought of as an adolescent affliction, acne can affect people well into adulthood. But some people seem to be immune to pimples. Why? Norman and Tegan investigate why some people are more prone to pimples than others, and what you might be able to do about it. Got a health question? Shoot us a line @ABCHealth on Instagram, or send a voice memo to thatrash@abc.net.au. We'd love to hear from you! Looking for COVID-19 updates? Don't panic, they've moved over to The Health Report References: Racial Differences in Clinical Characteristics, Perceptions and Behaviors, and Psychosocial Impact of Adult Female Acne The association between stress and acne among female medical students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Seasonal aggravation of acne in summers and the effect of temperature and humidity in a study in a tropical setting Enjoyment of watching pimple popping videos: An fMRI investigation
Tue, March 05, 2024
Why are mosquitoes so attracted to me?
Some people are mosquito magnets. The blood suckers do, in fact, have their favourites. And this could pose a major health risk. After all, mosquitoes are the deadliest creatures on earth. Norman and Tegan take us through the science of why some people attract more mozzies than others. Got a health question? Shoot us a line @ABCHealth on Instagram, or send a voice memo to thatrash@abc.net.au. We'd love to hear from you! Looking for COVID-19 updates? Don't panic, they've moved over to The Health Report References: Mosquitoes use vision to associate odor plumes with thermal targets Olfactory responses and field attraction of mosquitoes to volatiles from Limburger cheese and human foot odor Composition of Human Skin Microbiota Affects Attractiveness to Malaria Mosquitoes
Sun, March 03, 2024
We're doing a live show! Bring your rash to Brisbane March 22
What's That Rash? is coming to the World Science Festival Brisbane! Bring yourself (and your non-communicable rash) to a live podcast recording with Dr Norman Swan and Tegan Taylor. We've got two double passes to give away to the Social Science event on March 22 for those who'll be in Brisbane. Send us your questions for a chance to win. AND it's an adults-only event with mature content and coarse language, so go wild — thatrash@abc.net.au We're not the only ones attending. All in the Mind will also be doing a live show, and Dr Karl will be there for some Great Moments in Science!
Tue, February 27, 2024
Are hormones hindering your workout?
Have you ever been told to 'listen to your body' when it comes to fitness? It makes sense. You shouldn't push through injury, or past the point of exhaustion. But how far is too far? There are now dozens of apps and hundreds of advice columns on how best to 'listen to your body'. One strategy that's rising in the ranks is adjusting your workout routine to work alongside your menstrual cycle. Norman and Tegan explore whether this kind of tech is advancing faster than the research. References: Effects of the Menstrual Cycle on Exercise Performance The Efects of Menstrual Cycle Phase on Exercise Performance in Eumenorrheic Women: A Systematic Review and Meta‑Analysis Bidirectional Interactions between the Menstrual Cycle, Exercise Training, and Macronutrient Intake in Women: A Review
Tue, February 20, 2024
Why do we have wisdom teeth?
The only time most of us think about wisdom teeth is when they’re causing trouble. Do they have a use beyond causing pain (and leaving you with a hefty dental bill)? Norman and Tegan talk through the history of these meddlesome molars, and what happens when you ignore them. Got a health question? Shoot us a line @ABCHealth on Instagram, or send a voice memo to thatrash@abc.net.au. We'd love to hear from you! Looking for COVID-19 updates? Don't panic, they've moved over to The Health Report References: Surgical removal versus retention for the management of asymptomatic disease‐free impacted wisdom teeth Prevalence of Third Molar Agenesis: Associated Dental Anomalies in Non-Syndromic 5923 Patients Childhood diet may contribute to impacted wisdom teeth, research shows
Tue, February 13, 2024
Multivitamins: Are they a scam?
Let's say you're a pretty healthy person. You have a balanced diet, exercise regularly and don't have any health issues. A multivitamin can only help, right? Not necessarily. There are lots of multivitamins out there, catering to different circumstances. Norman and Tegan take us through the evidence for (and against) taking these catch-all supplements. Got a health question? Shoot us a line @ABCHealth on Instagram, or send a voice memo to thatrash@abc.net.au. We'd love to hear from you! Looking for COVID-19 updates? Don't panic, they've moved over to The Health Report References: Should I Take a Daily Multivitamin? Dietary antioxidants and primary prevention of age related macular degeneration: systematic review and meta-analysis Dietary flavanols restore hippocampal-dependent memory in older adults with lower diet quality and lower habitual flavanol consumption
Tue, February 06, 2024
Are chiropractors charlatans or misunderstood?
Thousands of Australians see a chiropractor for relief from back pain, headaches or stiffness. There has been a level of controversy surrounding the profession since its inception in the 19th century. But looking beyond the field's storied history, where does the evidence stand now on chiropractic? Got a health question? Shoot us a line @ABCHealth on Instagram, or send a voice memo to thatrash@abc.net.au. We'd love to hear from you! Looking for COVID-19 updates? Don't panic, they've moved over to The Health Report References: Evidence-Based Practice and Chiropractic Care Benefits and harms of spinal manipulative therapy for the treatment of chronic low back pain: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials Anatomical Sciences in Chiropractic Education: A Survey of Chiropractic Programs in Australia A Phase 3 Randomised Trial of Nicotinamide for Skin-Cancer Chemoprevention
Tue, January 30, 2024
Does anti-ageing skincare actually work?
There are so many weird and wonderful skin potions out there, promising to fend off or reverse the signs of ageing. But do they work? And if so, how do they work? Norman and Tegan take us through their skincare routines (and some evidence, of course). Got a health question? Shoot us a line @ABCHealth on Instagram, or send a voice memo to thatrash@abc.net.au. We'd love to hear from you! Looking for COVID-19 updates? Don't panic, they've moved over to The Health Report References: Genetics and skin ageing - Dermato-Endocrinology Retinoids: Active molecules influencing skin structure formation in cosmetic and dermatological treatments Role of antioxidants in the skin: Anti-ageing effects
Tue, January 23, 2024
What's the deal with night terrors?
Night terrors are distressing awakenings of intense screaming, thrashing and fear that often happen at the same time each night. They're more common in children than in adults, but they can hang around or emerge later in life. Norman takes us through his own childhood night terror, and Tegan weighs in on some of the reasons they happen in the first place. Got a health question? Shoot us a line @ABCHealth on Instagram, or send a voice memo to thatrash@abc.net.au. We'd love to hear from you! Looking for COVID-19 updates? Don't panic, they've moved over to The Health Report References: Night Terrors: Clinical Characteristics and Personality Patterns An evolutionary perspective on night terrors
Tue, January 16, 2024
Why do we eat cereal for breakfast?
Have you ever been chastised for eating a bowl of cereal for lunch? Or having leftovers for breakfast? There are certain foods designed 'breakfast foods' in the collective imagination: eggs, toast, cornflakes, pancakes. But the stories of how they came to earn their morning timeslot are far from science-based. Got a health question? Shoot us a line @ABCHealth on Instagram, or send a voice memo to thatrash@abc.net.au. We'd love to hear from you! Looking for COVID-19 updates? Don't panic, they've moved over to The Health Report References: Is breakfast the most important meal of the day? Bath Breakfast Project Towards an Evidence-Based Recommendation for a Balanced Breakfast Breakfast skipping and timing of lunch and dinner: Relationship with BMI and obesity
Tue, January 09, 2024
Working out? Why 'No Pain No Gain' is bull
No pain, no gain — right? Well, if you're looking to build muscle, not necessarily. Chasing discomfort might even slow you down. Norman and Tegan discuss delayed-onset muscle soreness, and why it's not always indicative of a good workout. Got a health question? Shoot us a line @ABCHealth on Instagram, or send a voice memo to thatrash@abc.net.au. We'd love to hear from you! Looking for COVID-19 updates? Don't panic, they've moved over to The Health Report References: Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness and Critical Neural Microdamage-Derived Neuroinflammation Post Orgasmic Illness Syndrome (POIS) and Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS): Do They Have Anything in Common? Effects of Descending Stair Walking on Health and Fitness of Elderly Obese Women “The Glorious Pain”: Attaining Pleasure and Gratification in Times of Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) among Gym Goers
Tue, January 02, 2024
Is there such thing as TOO much sun protection?
Because of the country's high UV levels, Australians hear a lot about the risks of sun exposure. But there are some benefits too. Sunlight enables us to produce vitamin D for strong bones and immune function. But there are other ways rays can help our health. Norman and Tegan take a look at how the right dose of sunlight can be beneficial. Got a health question? Shoot us a line @ABCHealth on Instagram, or send a voice memo to thatrash@abc.net.au. We'd love to hear from you! Looking for COVID-19 updates? Don't panic, they've moved over to The Health Report References: The effect of sunscreen on vitamin D: a review Sanatoria revisited: sunlight and health
Tue, December 26, 2023
Can you adapt to allergies or does the dog have to go?
Pet allergies can range from mild to severe — from a nuisance to, occasionally, anaphylaxis. When all you've got is some itchiness and a runny nose, are you doomed to a life without a furry friend? Norman and Tegan discuss the possibility of building up a tolerance to allergens. Got a health question? Shoot us a line @ABCHealth on Instagram, or send a voice memo to thatrash@abc.net.au. We'd love to hear from you! Looking for COVID-19 updates? Don't panic, they've moved over to The Health Report References: Dog ownership at three months of age is associated with protection against food allergy Sensitisation, asthma, and a modified Th2 response in children exposed to cat allergen Specific gut microbiome signatures and the associated pro-inflammatory functions are linked to paediatric allergy and acquisition of immune tolerance
Tue, December 19, 2023
Why do you feel so tired after a big meal?
It's holiday season, and family feasts are inevitable. But is the post-feast nap also inevitable? Norman and Tegan explain why you get so tired after a big meal. And no ... it has nothing to do with being around your extended family. Got a health question? Shoot us a line @ABCHealth on Instagram, or send a voice memo to thatrash@abc.net.au. We'd love to hear from you! Looking for COVID-19 updates? Don't panic, they've moved over to The Health Report
Tue, December 12, 2023
Can listening to music make you smarter?
Binaural beats are a phenomenon that happens in your brain when you listen to two different tones in each ear. There are lots of claims surrounding them — that they can trigger different brain waves and promote different states of mind. Norman and Tegan are here to unpack whether there's any evidence this musical illusion can aid with concentration. Got a health question? Shoot us a line @ABCHealth on Instagram, or send a voice memo to thatrash@abc.net.au. We'd love to hear from you! Looking for COVID-19 updates? Don't panic, they've moved over to The Health Report References: Reverse effect of home-use binaural beats brain stimulation Pilot feasibility study of binaural auditory beats for reducing symptoms of inattention in children and adolescents with ADHD Binaural beats reduce feeling of pain and discomfort during colonoscopy procedure in not-sedated patients
Tue, December 05, 2023
Am I addicted to caffeine?
Caffeine is a part of many people's routines, whether it be a shot of coffee or a cup of tea. If you've ever noticed a headache creeping in when you've missed your morning cup of joe, Norman and Tegan are here to explain why. Got a health question? Shoot us a line @ABCHealth on Instagram, or send a voice memo to thatrash@abc.net.au. We'd love to hear from you! Looking for COVID-19 updates? Don't panic, they've moved over to The Health Report References: Adenosine, caffeine, and sleep–wake regulation: state of the science and perspectives Caffeine for headaches: Helpful or harmful? Caffeine in the management of patients with headache
Tue, November 28, 2023
What is the perfect nap duration?
Napping can be risky. Will you wake up feeling better or worse? There's no doubt that sometimes an afternoon snooze is an absolute necessity. Norman and Tegan explore what's going on when you nap, and what you can do to get the most benefit. References: Influence of mid-afternoon nap duration and sleep parameters on memory encoding, mood, processing speed, and vigilance Lifestyle mediators of associations among siestas, obesity, and metabolic health Effects of planned cockpit rest on crew performance and alertness in long-haul operations
Tue, November 21, 2023
Are probiotics worth the money?
If you've ever been told to take a probiotic — after a course of antibiotics, or just for your general health — you may be wondering what they actually do. Well, Norman and Tegan are here to dig into the research about these over-the-counter supplements, which claim to support digestion, boost immunity and even improve mood. Got a health question? Shoot us a line @ABCHealth on Instagram, or send a voice memo to thatrash@abc.net.au. We'd love to hear from you! Looking for COVID-19 updates? Don't panic, they've moved over to The Health Report References: Probiotics for the prevention of paediatric antibiotic-associated diarrhoea Multispecies Probiotic for the Prevention of Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhoea in Children A systematic review of gut microbiota composition in observational studies of major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia Post-Antibiotic Gut Mucosal Microbiome Reconstitution Is Impaired by Probiotics and Improved by Autologous FMT
Tue, November 14, 2023
Does it matter whether I enjoy exercise?
Consistent exercise is good for you, but does it make any difference whether you actually enjoy what you're doing? Norman and Tegan explore how fun might help you establish a work-out habit that benefits your body and your mind. Got a health question? Shoot us a line @ABCHealth on Instagram, or send a voice memo to thatrash@abc.net.au. We'd love to hear from you! Looking for COVID-19 updates? Don't panic, they've moved over to The Health Report
Tue, November 07, 2023
End of Coronacast, but we're not going away!
As the saying goes: All good things must come to an end. But don't go away, we've got something big coming! Obviously we're not talking about the pandemic — as it certainly isn't good and it certainly isn't over. We're talking about Coronacast: your little pandemic friend that (hopefully!) helped you through the scary times over the last three years. Today is Coronacast's last episode, and we're going out with a bang! What's going on with case numbers (spoiler: rising again)? Are we finally seeing the rise of a new variant? And what do we think we've learned over the last three years? BUT DON'T UNSUBSCRIBE! While Coronacast will be leaving us like OG SARS-CoV-2, Tegan and Norman aren't going anywhere. They'll be staying right here with a new show that's all about answering the health questions everyone's asking! We know good health information is hard to come by and it's impossible to know who to trust. So send in your your health questions to our new show: What's That Rash? Every week, Norman and Tegan will have a swing at answering them, and give you some useful information and amazing stories to help you live a healthier life. Email us at thatrash@abc.net.au. First episode out 15th November. Also, genuinely, A MASSIVE thank you to every single person whose ever listened to Coronacast and/or sent in a question over the past few years. Without you, we've never have done more than 500 episodes over more than three years. You're the reason we're here and the reason we've loved doing this show. So thankyou!
Tue, October 24, 2023
INTRODUCING — Hello AI Overlords (and some Coronacast news!)
Hello Coronacasters - it's been a while! We have a little bit of news to share about what's coming up for Coronacast. Also, Tegan's here to share a very special podcast recommendation! It's a new season of Science Friction ! It's called Hello AI Overlords - and it's an entire season diving deep into AI. Where's it come from? Where are we heading? And what happens if it's controlled by only a handful of people. So make sure you check it out right now! Tell all your friends. And why not tell ChatGPT too.
Tue, September 26, 2023
Getting a (strong) grip on Long COVID
There's still so much to learn about COVID, and this week we have two big things about Long COVID and how long we spread the virus. Firstly, a recent study has drawn a link between hand grip strength and post Long COVID symptoms, especially when it comes to who gets it and how badly. And secondly, a study from Hong Kong has tried to nail down what's going on in a person's immune system and how that effects the duration of shedding the virus. That's on this week's Coronacast. (And please note, we're taking the next few weeks off! But we'll be back in October)
Tue, September 19, 2023
When will we be out of the COVID pandemic phase?
It's a question that we've been asking since the very beginning of the pandemic: when will it really end? It's easy to think that because people are vaccinated and less attention is paid to COVID, it's over. In reality more than 5000 people have died of COVID this year, and the disease burden rises every time there's a new variant. On today's Coronacast, a chat with Professor Brendan Crabb, an infectious disease expert who heads up the Burnet Institute on how he thinks the past several years have gone, and whether COVID will remain a forever virus.
Tue, September 12, 2023
We're finally feeling a bit less lonely!
The COVID pandemic brought on a whole bunch of change to nearly everyone in the world. All of a sudden people were under lockdowns, out of work, unable to see their loved ones, even fighting for their lives. But ever so steadily, things have improved. Vaccines came along and we tried to get back to normal. But for some that’s not so easy. According to a survey from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare - we’re feeling less lonely than we were in the early days of the pandemic. But, sadly, it’s not all great news. That’s on this week’s Coronacast.
Tue, September 05, 2023
Why the risk of Long COVID might be falling
One of the big scary unknowns that remains with COVID is long-COVID. There are hundreds of thousands of Australians with the condition. But little bit by little bit, researchers are working out more and more about it. And in some good news - it seems that the risk of long-COVID has fallen over the last couple of years. Also, why shoving certain drugs up your nose might help avoid COVID in the first place. That’s on this week’s Coronacast
Tue, August 29, 2023
Where have all the new variants gone?
In the early days of COVID, it seemed like we were getting new variants of concern every few months. Wuhan led to Alpha then to Delta via a side trip to Beta for parts of the world. But ever since Omicron came in like a wrecking ball at the end of 2021... sure there has been a lot of new sub-variants, but no new challenger to take on the Big Boss. So could Omicron be the final variant? Are things starting to settle down? Will saying this mean a new variant is around the corner? All the big questions on this week's Coroncast.
Tue, August 22, 2023
Pirola! An asteroid? Football player? No, it's the latest strain!
It seems like a mere week ago that we were talking about the last new variant - because it was only a week ago. Move over Eris, there's a new variant in town: Pirola. Unlike most of the recent strains going around, this one branched off further back in the Omicron family tree. But what of the usual questions: is it better at evading immunity? Does it cause worse disease? How do I protect myself? Also, how normal is it for a virus to mutate this much? Is it really moving this quickly, or is just because we're watching it so closely? That's on this week's Coronacast.
Tue, August 15, 2023
Hello furry mammal are you the next pandemic?
Wherever you look, viruses are going into and coming out of animals. Mostly this happens without much fanfare, though occasionally it causes big problems. Which is why it's concerning that researchers in Europe have started to sound the alarm about fur farms in Europe and other researchers looking at pig farms have found more swine flu variants than they expected. So what's going on? References: Infection prevention and control in the context of coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a living guideline, 10 August 2023 Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection on multiple fur farms in the South and Central Ostrobothnia regions of Finland, July 2023 The genomic landscape of swine influenza A viruses in Southeast Asia
Tue, August 08, 2023
Can picking your nose lead to COVID
If you think that excavating your nose is a harmless if somewhat disgusting habit - think again. A new study reckons you could emerge with COVID-19. Other studies worry about how forgetful having your fingernail so close to the brain might make you. And have you ever given thought to your nasal microbiome much less what our primate cousins get up to (hint: it's even more disgusting)? We drill deep on rhinotillexis. References Rhinotillexomania: psychiatric disorder or habit? A review of nose picking in primates with new evidence of its occurrence in Daubentonia madagascariensis Staphylococcus aureus and the ecology of the nasal microbiome
Tue, August 01, 2023
How you and 200 friends can save one hospitalisation
We've said it before and we'll say it again - make sure you get your booster dose. But what, you ask, is in it for me? How likely am I to be the one who dodges severe disease? Well a new study has quantified this. It's a number familiar to epidemiologists - the number needed to treat to prevent a certain outcome. Also this week: where are we at with repurposing existing drugs to prevent COVID? What's happening with flu numbers? And who was Tegan's surprise fluffy office visitor?
Tue, July 25, 2023
COVID's not alone in the wastewater
In the early days of COVID, we used wastewater surveillance to spot undetected community transmission. Our sewage gave public health authorities early alerts that COVID was spreading. Wastewater surveillance also gives information on sub variants: what's on the rise and what's in decline. But there's other stuff in wastewater - and it's downright criminal. That's captured on today's rather smelly Coronacast. References: A common allele of HLA is associated with asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection Viral and antibody dynamics of acute infection with SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant (B.1.529): a prospective cohort study from Shenzhen, China
Tue, July 18, 2023
How do COVID antivirals work? And what's with the rebound?
A lot has been said about COVID antivirals, especially on how they might help bring down the number of deaths from the disease. But occasionally an interesting phenomenon occurs: a patient takes the antiviral drugs, feels better, only to come down with COVID again. So how do COVID antivirals work and why does the rebound sometimes happen?
Tue, July 11, 2023
What's RSV again? The *other* winter virus that's hitting hard
It's the depths of winter, and every second person you know has a cold of some sort. Most are mild but some can hit hard - as we all know from COVID and influenza. But what about the third virus in the unholy trinity of winter bugs? RSV, or respiratory syncytial virus, is tracking a lot higher than usual for this time of year. Who's most at risk, how can you protect yourself, and how much do the numbers have to do with increased testing overall? Oh, and what does "syncytial" even mean?
Tue, July 04, 2023
What happened to Sweden? We're answering your questions!
It was a massive question at the start of the pandemic: is Sweden's strategy of keeping things open a better way forward? Zoom ahead a few years, and it's still on the minds of Coronacast listeners. This week, we're digging into what happened in Sweden and we also answer a question about the psychological impact of the pandemic on teenagers. Everything and more, on this week's Coronacast. Ask a question here: https://yourquestions.abc.net.au/hc/en-au/requests/new?ticket_form_id=360002468535
Tue, June 27, 2023
Is this why it feels like everyone keeps getting COVID?
Our immune system does an amazing job keeping us healthy - but it works in mysterious ways, especially when it comes into contact with novel viruses like SARS-CoV-2. We've talked a bit before about imprinting - the concept where the first time your immune system sees a virus can determine how it'll react to that virus in the future. And a recent study in the prestigious journal Science has found the Omicron variant could be taking advantage of that - possibly showing why people seem to be getting repeat Omicron infections. So what could this mean for public vaccination strategy and our risk of reinfection?
Tue, June 20, 2023
What makes a COVID superspreader?
We've all heard that COVID spreads in clusters and sometimes the cluster comes from a single person who can infect nearly everyone around them. They're superspreaders and it's been opaque how much virus a superspreader is actually responsible for spreading around. Now a study has found that in a group of deliberately infected people, just two of them were responsible for nearly 90 percent of all the virus emitted - even though they only had mild symptoms.
Tue, June 13, 2023
What could a diabetes drug do for long COVID?
Sometimes a study comes along that shows some amazing results and one published in The Lancet does just that. The study - which looked at people aged between 30 and 85 who were overweight or had obesity - has found a "globally available, low-cost, and safe" diabetes drug called metformin could drastically reduce the instances of long COVID by 40 per cent. Sadly they didn't find the same results with ivermectin (and they looked). So what could be going on? How could this old drug be so good at what it's doing? And how could this drug be used to help bring down long COVID cases? That's on this week's Coronacast - along with a clarification of NSW hospital data and antiviral prescriptions. Or watch us on YouTube here
Sat, June 10, 2023
Introducing - Quick Smart
Tegan has been playing away, making another show. It's called Quick Smart, and because you're such a loyal Coronacast listener, we'll give you a preview here. If you like it, please find the Quick Smart feed and subscribe! This first ep is about something weird that's happened in the last 12 months or so - the fact that all your friends - and perhaps you as well - have ADHD now. So where did this ADHD spike come from? Just how big is the gap between people seeking treatment and those able to give it? And if people are being overdiagnosed, or underdiagnosed, or diagnosed with the wrong thing... what are the risks? Check it out here!
Tue, June 06, 2023
We're in a wave - are more drugs the answer?
The public health measures we relied on in years past to control COVID have now largely gone. Social distancing is no more and there aren't nearly as many masks around as there once was and we're grossly under-immunised. So what about antivirals? Could making them more available to more people be a way to reduce the amount of severe disease and limit the waves of COVID? Watch us on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gE7At1S7tho
Tue, May 30, 2023
Wait ... how many people have long COVID?
Long COVID has nearly been around as long as COVID itself. It wasn't long after the pandemic began before we started hearing about long haulers - people who were suffering from the virus long after testing negative. But even today, we still don't know the precise definitions of what exactly long COVID is and how many people suffer from it. But we are getting closer to a clearer picture. So why is it important to know?
Tue, May 23, 2023
How many shots should I have had by now?
In 2021, Aussies were queueing round the block quite literally for COVID-19 vaccines one and two.
Tue, May 16, 2023
Is there a new flu surge?
As respiratory disease goes, COVID got us good. But it's important we don't forget the old school ones like flu and RSV. There's quite a bit of flu around at the moment too. It could even be described as a surge. So what's going on? Why are we being attacked by COVID, flu and RSV all at once? Also on today's show: * Remember that time a stranger made Norman stick something up his nose in an abandoned dungeon? * What's going on in China now that they've dropped COVID restrictions?
Tue, May 09, 2023
WHO's given up on COVID?
With the World Health Organisation (WHO) announcing that COVID-19 is no longer a "global health emergency", you'd be forgiven for thinking the pandemic's over. But alas, it isn't. According to WHO, the "emergency" phase is over but COVID will remain a persistent threat for a lot longer, saying the disease is still killing someone every three minutes. So how can COVID no longer be an emergency, but also remain so deadly?
Tue, May 02, 2023
Arcturus' rise: Another COVID (sub sub sub) variant!
The Omicron variant has been spinning off all sorts of sub variants during its 17 month long reign. The latest is XBB.1.16 - known also as Arcturus - and like its sibling sub variants doesn't seem to be all that different. But while Arcturus is busy trying to become the most popular sub variant of the month, we are undergoing another wave of infections. There are hundreds of people in hospitals around the country and it's continuing to affect how the health system operates. Also on the show: Is COVID going to the dogs?
Tue, March 28, 2023
What would it take to guard against future pandemics?
The coronavirus pandemic might not be a 'pandemic' for much longer So, looking ahead, experts have come together to propose countermeasures for future epidemics and pandemics. It's all about transparency and equity at a global scale. References: It is time for ambitious, transformational change to the epidemic countermeasures ecosystem
Tue, March 21, 2023
Animal origin theory suddenly has a lot more weight behind it
A team has analysed data out of China, proving the presence of animals in the Wuhan market capable of hosting SARS-CoV-2.
Tue, March 14, 2023
Not again! A new wave is building, so what now?
Another wave of COVID infections seems to be underway in parts of Australia, and NSW is leading the pack. The variant soup is getting more complex by the day — but luckily the dominant mutations don't seem to be causing more severe disease. Regardless, as more people get infected and re-infected, researchers are fast at work trying to determine what might protect people from long-term consequences. References: Adherence to Healthy Lifestyle Prior to Infection and Risk of Post-COVID-19 Condition Severe COVID-19 outcomes by cardiovascular risk profile in England in 2020: a population-based cohort study
Tue, March 07, 2023
Almost 20,000 more deaths than expected last year – is it all down to COVID?
In 2022, Australia saw an estimated 12% increase in the number of deaths compared to expert predictions. More than half of those were due to COVID-19. And there are signs that even the deaths that couldn't be directly linked to COVID-19 are a result of the pandemic. This pattern isn't just playing out in Australia, but around the globe. So what are the driving factors, and what can be done to address them? References: Almost 20,000 excess deaths for 2022 in Australia One-Year Adverse Outcomes Among US Adults With Post-COVID-19 Condition vs Those Without COVID-19 in a Large Commercial Insurance Database Life expectancy changes since COVID-19
Tue, February 28, 2023
We're all getting boosters – why aren't little kids?
Since ATAGI updated its booster advice there have been lots of questions about why kids aren't able to get another jab. We discuss the reasoning behind the age limit, as well as some other vaccine-related questions from listeners. Also, a few controversial COVID topics... from Ivermectin to the US Energy Department's theory on where the virus came from. References: COVID-19 vaccines for children Effect of Higher-Dose Ivermectin for 6 Days vs Placebo on Time to Sustained Recovery in Outpatients With COVID-19 Lab Leak Most Likely Origin of Covid-19 Pandemic, Energy Department Now Says
Tue, February 21, 2023
Do antivirals increase your risk of rebound COVID?
Antivirals are an important measure to prevent severe disease in vulnerable people with COVID-19. But there have been concerns antivirals could lead to rebound infections — the resurgence of viral load following the completion of the medication. So what do the latest studies say? Also, we speak to an expert informing the parliamentary inquiry into long COVID about how to best care for patients. Guest: Professor Tania Sorrell University of Sydney References: SARS-CoV-2 rebound with and without antivirals Viral burden rebound in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 receiving oral antivirals in Hong Kong: a population-wide retrospective cohort study Submission—Inquiry into long COVID and repeated COVID infections
Tue, February 14, 2023
Don't chuck out your mask — and when to get boosted
An old debate has been reignited after a review declared the effects of masks is uncertain and in need of further investigation. Meanwhile Sydney scientists have found a receptor that sticks to the coronavirus and pulls it away from lung cells, opening up potential treatment avenues. But for now, vaccines remain the best protection against severe disease. So when should you get your next booster? We answer some common questions. References: Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses Yes, masks reduce the risk of spreading COVID, despite a review saying they don't Fibroblast-expressed LRRC15 is a receptor for SARS-CoV-2 spike and controls antiviral and antifibrotic transcriptional programs
Wed, February 08, 2023
BONUS: ATAGI updates its booster advice — it's not just about the fifth dose
Australian adults will be able to get a fifth dose of the COVID-19 vaccine within a fortnight. People aged 18 and over who've not had a COVID vaccine or a positive case in the last six months will also be eligible for another shot.
Tue, February 07, 2023
How well does getting COVID protect you from COVID?
The majority of Australians have received at least two doses of a COVID vaccine — and they've most likely caught the virus as well. New research suggests this hybrid immunity offers good protection against severe disease, although the risk of long COVID persists with even mild bouts of infection. There could soon be a simple model to predict how likely you are to recover well from COVID, or whether you'll go on to develop post-viral symptoms. Guest: Professor Jeremy Nicholson Director, Australian National Phenome Centre, Health Futures Institute References: Protective effectiveness of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and hybrid immunity against the omicron variant and severe disease: a systematic review and meta-regression A patient-centric modeling framework captures recovery from SARS-CoV-2 infection
Tue, January 31, 2023
Three years on, is COVID still an emergency? Or should we be more worried about the flu?
It has been three years since the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global health emergency. The WHO isn't ready to downgrade the status of the pandemic, but the committee has agreed we're at a 'transition' point. Meanwhile an outbreak of influenza in mink has highlighted the need for greater animal-human disease surveillance.
Tue, January 24, 2023
We're back! So what did we miss?
Although we didn't begin this year with any lockdowns or border closures, the pandemic hasn't abated. In fact we're off to a worse start than we had in 2022. Australia surpassed 1,000 deaths a whole week earlier than it did last year. New subvariants are circulating fast. So what's changed? What's the best protection? And could sluggish surveillance be leaving us vulnerable?
Tue, December 20, 2022
What has COVID cost us in 2022?
What a year 2022 has been for COVID. We started with a new variant sweeping the world, heavy restrictions and border closures and we end with very few restrictions remaining. We also sadly end with millions not fully vaccinated, and an aged care system that is still battling the virus. So on the last Coronacast of the year, we go down the 2022 rabbit hole and try to make some predictions for 2023.
Tue, December 13, 2022
Are we going to be free of this wave by Christmas?
The number of new weekly COVID cases seems to be slowing, but sadly doesn't seem to be slowing fast enough to be free of the current wave by Christmas. Last year was a strong COVID Christmas, as the Omicron variant took over from Delta bringing thousands and thousands of new cases. This time, the wave will be smaller - but still noticeable. And we break down the big announcements from National Cabinet: PCR testing and the country's COVID strategy in 2023.
Tue, December 06, 2022
How do you know if a pandemic is from a lab leak?
There's been a lot of discussion about the origins of COVID, especially on the question of did it come from a lab, did it form naturally - or maybe a mix of both. Well a new book called Dark Winter has tackled this question and has come to the conclusion that we better get better at identifying outbreaks - because sometimes they're intentional. While there's no direct evidence that COVID came from a lab leak, author and Professor Raina MacIntyre argues it is possible and some have been too quick to wave away the possibility.
Tue, November 29, 2022
Is this the end of China's COVID zero?
Protests are breaking out across parts of China in response to the Chinese government zero COVID restrictions. The number of COVID cases has soared in China in recent weeks, rising at a similar rate to what happened in March this year. The outbreak was quickly brought under control, by the use of the Government's severe measures such as forced external quarantine and city wide lockdowns. But with widespread discontent and protests, it may prove harder to keep this outbreak under control. So is this the end of China's COVID zero? References: China Covid: Shocking protests are huge challenge for China's leaders - Stephen McDonell Associations between COVID‐19 and hospitalisation with respiratory and non‐respiratory conditions: a record linkage study
Tue, November 22, 2022
Are the waves getting smaller?
There's hope that the current Omicron sub variant wave will be in decline again just in time for Christmas - but like everything COVID, it's hard to know for sure. Both case loads and hospitalisations due to COVID have continued to increase in the last week. The latest advice from state health authorities say that overseas experience suggests the current wave might pass relatively quickly, though they warn local conditions may mean it's different here. So what do we know about the latest wave? And is it better to have a quick one, or one that lasts for a longer time?
Tue, November 15, 2022
Ok, now it's off and running - how do we slow it down?
Another week, another big jump in COVID case numbers and rising admissions to hospitals. The next wave is well and truly underway, with the BA4 and BA5 sub variants rapidly being replaced by versions that are even more immune evasive. However, when Omicron turned up last year there were a variety of public health measures in place to try and slow infection rates. This time though, we've only got vaccination and an optional sense of public duty. So can we slow down the next wave, or is it coming in hard and fast?
Tue, November 08, 2022
Does anyone give a rat about RATs anymore?
Rapid-antigen tests promised so much: a quick, cheap and easy way to tell if you were COVID positive so you could make a decision to help protect yourself, family and community. But in reality, it's far more complicated. The tests were initially hard to come by, expensive for some and the rollout was patchy. And now, add to that the fact that the coronavirus has continued to evolve - making it hard to tell if RATs can even detect COVID. So on this week's Coronacast, should we give a rat about RATs anymore? And why is it important that the tests do as they say?
Tue, November 01, 2022
Has the next wave already begun?
New sub-variants of Coronavirus are increasingly appearing in Government statistics and clinical breakdowns of the virus' spread. The BQ1 and XBB sub-variants of Omicron have surged overseas, and are also starting to pick up in Australia. It's likely that they'll take over the BA5 subvariant that's been dominant for the past several months. So what could these new variants bring and given they're likely to evade our immune systems, what could it mean for spread and severe disease?
Tue, October 25, 2022
What could the floods mean for disease outbreak?
For those keeping count, 2022 hasn't been a great year for animal virus outbreaks into human populations. A new study has suggested that the Omicron variant may have had a reservoir in mice. Also, there are warnings that the East Coast floods may see a rise in people infected with the Japanese encephalitis virus, and parts of Uganda are locked down to prevent an Ebola outbreak from spreading into cities and across borders. So what's going on and how can we make sense of it all?
Tue, October 18, 2022
Australia's COVID report card is in. How did we do?
After all big events, it's important to look back and think about what worked and what didn't. And one of the biggest events lately is COVID, and especially how Australia handled it. A group of researchers and experts have done just that, analyzing everything from the vaccine rollout to virus control measures to looking at what could be improved for the next pandemic. So what did we do well, and what could we have done better?
Tue, October 11, 2022
New Omicron booster is here! How well will it work?
The first COVID booster that targets the Omicron variant has finally been introduced to Australia's vaccine rollout. The vaccine from Moderna targets the BA.1 Omicron subvariant, but that's no longer the dominant strain. Omicron has continued to evolve since the vaccine was updated, and the dominant strain is now BA5. So how well will the new vaccine work with BA5? And if you've already had 4 doses, why can't you get this one as your 5th?
Tue, October 04, 2022
What could the end to mandatory isolation mean?
The decision by National Cabinet to remove mandatory isolation for people testing positive to COVID-19 is seen by many as an "official" end to the pandemic. The period had already been reduced from two weeks to one week to 5 days, but soon it'll be gone entirely. It's one of the final public health controls that remained to try and slow the spread of the virus, and some experts say it'll lead to problems down the road. So for how long should we treat COVID differently?
Tue, September 27, 2022
Putin isn't our only worry from Russia
Russia has been in the news for all the wrong reasons, and here's another concern to add to the list. Scientists are on the alert about the risk of another virus spilling over from animals to humans. This time it's Russian horseshoe bats and a coronavirus from the SARS family. It's known as Khosta 2 and while there has been no known human transmission so far, unlike Khosta 1 scientists say there is the possibility that it could occur. And it's not affected by vaccines for COVID-19. That's on this week's Cororonacast. Also on today's show: * Tracking new COVID variants: we look at 2.75.2
Tue, September 20, 2022
COVID numbers just got a whole lot harder to interpret
One of the mainstays over the past few years has been daily reporting of COVID cases, hospitalisations, ICUs and deaths.
Tue, September 13, 2022
How else has COVID been killing people? Taking another look at excess deaths.
When COVID hit, there were a whole lot of predictions about how many people would die. Not just of the virus itself, but the knock on effects from reduced care and other diseases. One of the latest attempts at working out the number of excess deaths is recently published and has taken a wide view of the population looking for trends. And while the group found that excess deaths from undiagnosed COVID is likely low in Australia, increased deaths from COVID-caused complications is beginning to show up.
Tue, September 06, 2022
Where’s my Omicron specific booster? And will it help?
It may not be long before Omicron specific vaccines are available in Australia, like they are elsewhere in the world. Last week the Therapeutic Goods Administration provisionally approved an Omicron variant specific vaccine, but we’re still waiting on ATAGI to recommend its use. So with it likely to be available soon, is it worth waiting for if you’re due for your booster or should you just get what’s available now? Also on today’s show: * Snot and the inner parts of your nose - could this be the key to finally ending the pandemic?
Tue, August 30, 2022
Is it time to scrap COVID isolation?
Back at the start of the pandemic, if you tested positive for COVID - or even if you were a contact - you were looking at two weeks of isolation. These days, that's been downgraded to a week, and contacts are generally free to go about their normal life. But while COVID is still undeniably a health risk, having masses of people undergoing mandatory isolation takes its own toll. So should compulsory isolation be shortened or even scrapped altogether? Also on today's show: * Are vaccination requirements still useful? * Moderna sues Pfizer/BioNTech * Didn't I see Norman out and about without a mask on the other day?
Tue, August 23, 2022
The best news since January - but can it last?
It seems that COVID cases in the latest wave have indeed peaked, and all things across the usual pandemic metrics are improving. It's the best COVID caseload we've had since Omicron came into our lives late last year. So has BA5 burnt itself out or is this just a small respite? And are we due for another variant? Also on today's show: * How is COVID associated with increased risks of neurological and psychiatric conditions? * Is monkeypox getting away from us?
Tue, August 16, 2022
How much coronavirus is coming out of your mouth?
Pretty much ever since the pandemic began, we've been told to socially distance by at least 1.5 meters if possible to reduce the chances of infection. But as the science is gathered on how much viral load flows from an infected person, how relevant is that recommendation? Was it even correct in the first place? Well a new - yet to be peer reviewed - study has attempted to explain just how much virus is in one's exhaled breath aerosols. And what does this mean for how the virus is spread?
Tue, August 09, 2022
Can we wave bye bye to the B5 wave?
Is it finally time to say a big see ya later to the latest B5 COVID wave? The Omicron family has already brought us several waves - the first at the start of the year when it muscled out Delta and the most recent big one via B5. But there are signs that it is finally slowing down. Cases are dropping and there are small, but positive, signs that deaths are also falling. So while it may be the end of the worst of B5, what could be next?
Tue, August 02, 2022
Rebound? Reinfection? Release me from this pandemic prison!
As more and more people become infected with COVID-19, more and more people are also going to be reinfected. But there's another type of reinfection known as a rebound infection, which can happen in the days after you've recovered. The US President Joe Biden tested positive again this week for COVID-19 only a few days after he was cleared following his treatment with antiviral medication Paxlovid. So what could be going on? How common are rebound infections and could it extend to people who don't take the drugs also being reinfected?
Sun, July 31, 2022
Do we need a new health revolution?
When the pandemic started we were so worried about surfaces. But it turned out that wasn't so much of a concern. The big thing was the very air we breathe. But as Governments largely scale back on mandates and restrictions, experts are urging more be done on things that can prevent spread of the virus And the big target is better ventilation. On today's special Coronacast, Tegan Taylor takes a look around to see how bad the air is in everyday life.
Tue, July 26, 2022
Why BA5 isn't like measles, but is still a big worry
BA5 sure is making itself well known, and is responsible for soaring infection and reinfection rates right across the country. So how does it compare in infectiousness to other diseases? Well working that out is a difficult question. It's partly down to changing variables like vaccination and controls, but also changes to the virus itself. So on this week's Coronacast, why it doesn't really matter if BA5 is as infectious as measles - it's still doing a lot of damage. Also on today's show: * Enough about BA5 - what about BA2.75? Bring on the 'Centaurus' talk! * An update on pregnancy and COVID-19 * And BA5 in schools - will a booster help? cvp_20220727_episode477_ba5_infectious.mp3 13286016 830000
Tue, July 19, 2022
The Doctor is back. What's Australia's COVID prognosis?
It's been a month since Coronacast took a break, and since then a lot has changed. The BA4 and 5 variants have become dominant, and immunologists are starting to worry about the state of play. Firstly, BA4 and 5 are acting a bit like new variants. They're evading vaccines and prior infections even more than original Omicron and there's no sign they're slowing down. And secondly, COVID case loads are surging and hospitals are feeling the pressure. So what else has changed over the last month, and what's the rest of winter looking like? Also on today's show: * I'm suddenly eligible for a fourth dose. Do I bother getting it? * Can you get the 2nd booster shot 28 days after having COVID (in line with information that re-infection can occur after 28 days), or is it still best to wait the 3 months, and if so, why is it best to wait? * I've had two AstraZeneca and one Moderna shots. What should I have as my fourth dose?
Tue, June 14, 2022
The latest great news for young kids and COVID!
There's been a bunch of good news this week about kids and COVID, including kids under 5 moving a touch closer to become eligible for vaccination A Scandanavian study has shown that before babies are born, they get an immune benefit from their vaccinated mother. Another study has looked at a rare condition that can happen in kids after COVID, called MIS-C, and found vaccinated kids are way more protected from it And also both Pfizer and Moderna have moved slightly closer to being registered for kids under 5 in the USA. Also on today's show: * Are there rapid tests available to test for influenza? * I've noticed that cases seem to be falling. Is it just that it's being under reported? I haven't heard any mention of it in the media but it's the opposite of what I expected as we head into winter. AND WE'LL BE TAKING A BREAK FOR THE NEXT MONTH BECAUSE NORMAN IS ON HOLIDAYS. SO KEEP AN EYE ON THE FEED AND WE'LL BE BACK SOON.
Tue, June 07, 2022
Have we lost our vaccine mojo?
This time last year, Australia's vaccination program was getting underway and many were coming forward for their first or second shots. But Australia's haven't embraced the third dose as quickly or in as large numbers. The third dose is vital for the best protection against disease, and is recommended for the majority of Australians. So why aren't people coming forward as quickly? Also on today's show: * Is it possible that we may have caught COVID without realising it? * Are there instances of assumed second COVID infections that are actually just relapses?
Tue, May 31, 2022
Which subvariant will be the One True Omicron?
Since the variant we now know as Omicron burst onto the scene late last year, it's proved to be a shapeshifter, spawning no fewer than five subvariants so far. Each have their own characteristics, but which is the most likely to become the dominant strain? There's finally enough data around to start making a comparison - so which subvariant will rule them all, what features give it the advantage, and what possible tools we might use to fight it? Also on today's show: * If I'm triple vaccinated and COVID is everywhere, could I have encountered it and fought it off, making me even more immune now? * What's the latest on the scary, mysterious hepatitis that's been reported in kids?
Tue, May 24, 2022
How worried should we be about monkeypox?
While COVID continues to ravage the world, it's far from the only virus that's affecting humans at the moment. Cases of flu are soaring in Australia, and the Queensland Government is worried enough about it that it's offering all Queenslanders a free flu vaccination. And to add to that is a new outbreak of monkeypox in Europe and North America with 100 suspected and confirmed cases so far, though cases have not been severe. So what is Monkeypox, could it end up like COVID and how worried should we be?
Tue, May 17, 2022
The BIG COVID challenge facing Australia’s next government
We are only days away from the 2022 Federal Election, where we'll find out who'll be leading the country for the next few years. But for whoever wins, there's the huge reality of dealing with and managing the ongoing COVID pandemic, which is still killing an average of 40 Australians a day. COVID policy and response hasn't featured much during the election campaign. So on today's Coronacast, what COVID issues will face whoever wins office next? Also on today's show: * Our daughter tested positive on a RAT. We had a PCR test the same day and it came back negative. So we tested again via a RAT and it was positive again. Does this mean the PCR test wasn't done properly? * I have been diagnosed with COVID twice this year. Is this the future, COVID every 4 or 5 months?
Tue, May 10, 2022
Yes, you can get long COVID if you're triple vaxxed
A British COVID report has finally answered a question many have had: can you get long COVID, even after you're triple vaccinated. And the answer is, sadly, yes. About eight to nine percent of people have some sort of long-COVID symptoms, even after they've had their third dose. But there is some good news: long COVID is still far lower in vaccinated people than in unvaccinated. Also on today's show: * What's happening with second generation vaccines? * How worried should we really be about surface transmission?
Tue, May 03, 2022
5000 deaths this year and counting
While most of the Australian population is vaccinated against COVID-19, going by the amount of people who have died in 2022, this is by far the worst year of the pandemic. More than 5000 people have died so far this year, and another 30 or 40 are continuing to die on average each day at the moment. So on this week’s Coronacast, why have we stopped paying attention to deaths and can we do anything to reduce them? Also on today’s show: * Paxlovid is now part of the PBS. So what is the drug again? Who should take it? When? And why?
Tue, April 26, 2022
The sub-variants just keep coming
When Omicron burst onto the scene late last year, scientists were shocked at how many mutations it had compared to previous variants. We now know that it's way more transmissible than previous variants and less nasty than Delta, although that hasn't stopped it from causing a lot of severe disease and death. But biology isn't static and Omicron has continued to evolve. First came BA1, then came a new wave of BA2 and now we're starting to see another new subvariant: BA4. So on today's Coronacast, what is BA4, where did it come from and how much of a worry is it? Also on today's show: * What's going on with the hepatitis condition in kids? Is it being caused by COVID-19?
Tue, April 12, 2022
How long can any country stay COVID zero?
China is fighting its largest coronavirus outbreak since the pandemic begun, but the lockdown being used to try and control it is facing resistance? Videos on social media appear to show small riots breaking out in parts of Shanghai while some residents are recording themselves screaming and yelling from their apartments in desperation. So is China's zero-COVID policy unable to withstand the onslaught of Omicron? And why is China resorting to lockdowns? Also on today's show: * How's COVID going in the USA? * Omicron refresher: Do RATs work against it? What are the main symptoms? How long is the incubation? * How much of the world has had COVID now?
Tue, April 05, 2022
Our first proper flu AND covid season looms
The race has well and truly been on for third dose COVID-19 vaccinations, but now add to that vaccination for the coming flu season. The past couple of years have seen a lull in flu infections because closed borders kept more than just COVID out — but that will change this year. So what happens if you get both COVID-19 and the flu and the same time? Is it even possible? And how do you reduce the risk of that happening? Also on today's show: * Why isn't Australia pulling its weight when it comes to reporting on vaccine effectiveness?
Tue, March 29, 2022
When two variants become one
As the BA2 subvariant of Omicron infects its way to the top of the coronavirus leaderboard, we're thanking our lucky stars that it's not as or more severe than Delta. But imagine a coronavirus variant that has genes from both Omicron and Delta: enter Deltacron The ability for two variants to combine and share genetic information is possible, and according to recent research has already happened. So what's the possibility the next variant of concern will not be due to mutation, but instead combining? Also on today's show: * Antibody profile after Omicron * What makes something a subvariant and not just a new variant? * Lots of questions about fourth doses
Tue, March 22, 2022
Wasn't the peak meant to be in January?
With cases rising quickly again, it's left many wondering: wasn't the peak supposed to be behind us? Well, turns out the pandemic isn't over and a mix of relaxed restrictions and the BA2 sub-variant have combined to once again push up infections. It also shows that the rollercoaster ride that we're on may not be stopping for a while, and the up and down nature is something we'll have to get used to. Also on today's show: * Increase in diabetes with long COVID * More on if we're going to need a 4th dose
Sat, March 19, 2022
BONUS: Introducing Australia, If You're Listening
The sixth season of If You're Listening tells the story of Australia's turbulent history with climate change, and what that means for the future. As we approach a federal election where climate and energy is a key battleground, this eight episode series will examine how Australia wasted decades fighting change, instead of capitalising on it. This is a special listen of the first episode and is the only time it'll appear in the Coronacast feed, so if you want to check it out search for "Australia, If You're Listening" where ever you get your podcasts. Or find the links here on the ABC website: https://www.abc.net.au/radio/programs/if-youre-listening/
Tue, March 15, 2022
What will winter bring as the sibling of Omicron rises?
The sub-variant of Omicron, known at the moment as BA2, is being blamed for a rise in cases in NSW and likely in other states and territories. And overseas, Hong Kong is struggling with a wave which is killing more and more people due to low levels of vaccination in high risk age groups. So what could the sub-variant mean for Australia as the weather slowly cools down and we enter darker, cooler times? Also on today's show: * China goes into lockdown in several big cities * Australian researchers have uncovered resistance mutations to Sotrovimab
Thu, March 10, 2022
How many people had COVID before me?
Occasionally, Coronacast gets a question from the audience that not only stumps them, it stumps the expert scientists as well. And this week, that question came from Helen who was wondering how many people before her had COVID and passed it on to someone else, stretching all the way from her back to Wuhan in China. It raises many interesting questions about viral evolution and how we can reduce the number of infections globally. Also on today's show: * BA2 Omicron sub-variant becoming more and more dominant, according to NSW Health Minister Brad Hazzard * Coronacast will be dropping back to weekly. We'll be out every Wednesday so watch your feed!
Tue, March 08, 2022
What's COVID doing to your brain?
A study has found that COVID is associated with changes to the human brain in some people after they've been infected. The study, published in the journal Nature, has found brain related abnormalities in patients six months or so after their initial infection. The findings suggest this can happen regardless of severity but may be worse in those with severe disease Also on today's show: * My wife and I are in isolation at the moment after both testing positive to COVID. Her symptoms are worse than mine and she suggested I isolate in a different part of the home? * The virus in my body is a direct descendant of the virus that infected people in the wet market in Wuhan. How many people do you think it has been through to get to me? * If there is every chance we will all, eventually get Omicron, is there an argument to getting it sooner than later?
Sun, March 06, 2022
Rethinking the lab escape theory
Did COVID escape from a lab? Was it natural evolution? How did it happen? These are all very big questions that scientists have been working on answering ever since SARS-CoV-2 arrived in our lives in late 2019. Now, the release of two (still to be peer reviewed) articles have outlined more evidence that COVID didn't escape a lab, and instead evolved naturally in animals before jumping to humans. And on today's Coronacast, they may have even found the very cage in the Wuhan market where COVID made the jump. GUEST:Professor Eddie Holmes, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney
Thu, March 03, 2022
Australia is one again! So how are we tracking?
Western Australia has reopened its border after more than a year of staying shut off from the world as part of its COVID control strategy. While people can once again travel, WA is in the middle of a growing outbreak - but it has imposed restrictions to help flatten the curve. With WA now open again, Australia is once again whole - so how is the nation tracking for COVID and how does 2022 compare to previous years? Also on today's show: * The TGA provisionally approves AstraZeneca's combination antibodies. What is it? How does it differ from vaccination? And why might it be useful?
Sun, February 27, 2022
Are kids getting vaccinated too slowly?
Last year was all about the push to vaccinate adults and teens against COVID-19, and despite a slow start we certainly got there in the end. Now this year the vaccine focus has turned to two things: third doses for adults, and first doses for younger kids. So how is the vaccine rollout for 5-11s going? How do the vaccines work in kids and what is the latest of safety and efficacy?
Thu, February 24, 2022
How wars can supercharge pandemics
Throughout history, war and disease have gone hand in hand. As the Russian/Ukrainian war escalates, it's still too early to know what effect it'll have on the COVID-19 pandemic but it certainly won't help. So what can we learn from previous conflicts and pandemics, like the 1918 flu pandemic or even the plague? That's on today's Coronacast Also on today's show: * What can we learn from two Omicron superspreading events in Newcastle? * Cases in WA continue to go up * Quick(ish) Fire Friday returns!
Tue, February 22, 2022
Restrictions finally easing up. Are they gone for good?
More and more states and territories are slowly removing restrictions, and letting people try to return to a sense of a normal life. Victoria yesterday said that masks can come off in most indoor environments from midnight Friday and Queensland is scrapping density limits and stopping daily press conferences. So is this finally the end of the pandemic, or more just a lull between variants? Also on today's show: * Vaccination while pregnant safe, another study finds * Worried about long-COVID? Here are four possible risk factors that might trigger it.
Sun, February 20, 2022
I'm worried about how worried I am
As we move to the next phases of the pandemic, there are many people who are yet to make the psychological jump and mental readjustment to a different life. Many are only mildly anxious, but there are also groups of people who are still worried about leaving their house. So what can you do if you have a friend or family member suffering from pandemic related anxiety or even depression? GUEST: Professor Frances Kay-Lambkin, a psychologist and mental health researcher at the University of Newcastle
Thu, February 17, 2022
Exponential growth gets there eventually
It's taken several weeks, but the number of new COVID-19 cases in Western Australia is now increasing rapidly. At the start of February, WA had a 7-day average of 19 cases a day. Now that average is nearly 100. So from here, can we expect to see a very rapid increase in cases like we saw in the eastern states over Christmas/New Year? Or could the delayed reopening and closed borders help flatten that curve? Also on today's show: * Victoria and NSW announce they're loosening restrictions even more
Tue, February 15, 2022
Four scenarios for the pandemic's next phase
So, where's this pandemic actually heading? It's a good question and quite hard to answer as... well... no one can tell you the future. But experts have never shied away from making some educated guesses, including SAGE, the Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies in the UK. They've published four scenarios ranging from as good as it can be given the circumstances to downright doom and gloom. So on today's Coronacast, what does SAGE think we can expect from the pandemic over the next few years and which scenario is most likely to be right?
Sun, February 13, 2022
How do we sidestep the next pandemic?
When COVID burst onto the scene in late 2019, it came as a shock to most of the world's population and we've all been dealing with it ever since. But to many researchers, it was less of a surprise and more of an inevitability - and now they're urging governments to act now to stop the next one. It comes down to the old medical saying: prevention is better than cure. So what can be done to help prevent the next pandemic and how much will it cost?
Thu, February 10, 2022
It's OFFICIAL: you now need THREE doses
For months now, experts have been saying we'll need three doses to be protected from coronavirus, especially the Omicron variant. And now, it's official. Yesterday, the rules changed and people over 16 will be required to have all three doses of a COVID vaccine to be considered "up to date". So why make the change now when previously two vaccines were considered good enough? And might it mean for vaccine mandates down the track? Also on today's show: * Should me and my family just go out and get Omicron? * Should I wait the full eight weeks to get my daughters second vaccination or should I do it at six? * Does testing positive just after my booster reduce its effectiveness?
Tue, February 08, 2022
An unexpected COVID crisis
Two years into the pandemic, we're still discovering new things about COVID almost daily. The latest is what COVID can do to your heart, a year after you've been infected. A huge study has shown really disturbing problems from heart attacks, to strokes, to blood clots on the lungs to heart failure. So on today's Coronacast, who is at most risk? And what does this tell us about COVID as a disease? Also on today's show: * International tourists - what will they bring? * The real story about aged care * Who needs a fourth dose, when and why?
Sun, February 06, 2022
How will fancy new antivirals help fight COVID?
When it comes to ways to fight COVID-19, vaccines have been the main tool we've used so far during the pandemic. But new antivirals are being produced for use including in Australia which has recently provisionally approved two different drugs. They promise to help stop at-risk people ending up in hospital and dying. So what are the drugs, how do they work and will they usher in a new way of handling the pandemic? GUEST:Professor Josh Davis, Infectious Diseases, Uni Newcastle, past president of the Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases and member of the National COVID-19 Clinical Evidence Taskforce
Thu, February 03, 2022
Wishful thinking and the end of the pandemic
As the Omicron wave continues to subside, there's the temptation to hope that now that it's over, the whole pandemic is done. And while we can dream that it's true, hoping unfortunately won't help that become reality. The general weariness is understandable for us everyday people, but what about for policy makers and their preparations for new variants or the next wave? Also on today's show: * Are we really at Omicron's peak? * Can a person be infected simultaneously with two or more strains of coronavirus? * Why aren't COVID case numbers exploding in WA? * Will Novavax be offered as a booster? * Can you be asymptomatic and get long COVID? Could this explain why I am so tired?
Tue, February 01, 2022
The brothers and sisters of Omicron
Looking at the family tree of coronavirus is a bit like taking a trip down memory lane. The whole crew is there including the famous ones like Alpha, Beta and Delta, and the ones that never really made it into the big time. But what if we zoom in on Omicron? Lately, there's been a bit of noise made about a few Omicron sub variants. What are they? And how much should we worry? Also on today's show: * TGA releases a post-market review for rapid antigen tests. What can we learn from it? References: https://www.tga.gov.au/post-market-review-antigen-and-rapid-antigen-tests
Thu, January 27, 2022
The great big lull after Omicron
As the scary peaks in all states and territories in Australia, except WA, seems to be behind us, there is now a new sense of calm. Daily coronavirus cases seem to be falling for now, and there's renewed hope that the worst of this wave is behind us. And according to some experts, it could well be the case both here and globally. Due to so many people now either infected by Omicron or vaccinated, they say we may be settling into a new trough of equilibrium. So is it the end of the pandemic? Or just a calm before the next storm? Also on this week's show: * Deaths are still high * WA cases are increasing. What are their options? * Vaccines help protect against long COVID
Thu, January 20, 2022
Is the death rate too high?
The number of people dying from COVID hit a record high this week, as large case numbers continue in most states and territories. It comes as no surprise then that NSW and Victoria announced that people can get their third dose at the three month mark, bringing it forward from the 31st January which was originally planned. So why roll out boosters even earlier? Could the number of deaths be tied to people not being as protected as they could be? Also on this week's show: * Vaccine supply and logistics * Novavax approved! * Is the term "elective surgery" a bad way of phrasing it? * Peaks? Coming soon? * How reliable are rapid antigen tests? * Kids vaccination, kids going back to school and keeping kids safe
Thu, January 13, 2022
Is Omicron the last variant?
We're all no doubt very tired of the pandemic by now and could be forgiven for hoping now that Omicron has landed in Australia, once we get over the current outbreak it's all over. But according to evolutionary virologist Eddie Holmes, sadly Omicron won't be the last and in fact the next variant probably won't evolve from Omicron. So what can we do apart from get vaccinated and hope this terrible roller coaster ride will somehow end soon?
Thu, January 06, 2022
We're back! Now, when will the outbreak peak?!
Well, that escalated quickly. When Coronacast left you last year, there were nearly 4000 national daily cases. Yesterday, there were more than 72,000 and there's no sign it's slowing down. Health systems in most states and territories are beginning to groan under significant pressure. Add to it probably more than one or two hundred thousand cases a day going unreported, it's fair to say COVID in Australia is in a bit of a mess. So on today's Coronacast - which will be coming out weekly for at least the next few weeks - when might the peak be here? And what can we expect in coming days and weeks?
Thu, December 16, 2021
See ya 2021. What does 2022 have in store?
It's been a massive year for coronavirus and COVID-19. There have been outbreaks, lockdowns and a pile of new variants. But there have also been massive successes like the vast majority of Australians coming forward to be vaccinated. But sadly, the pandemic seems like it's far from over. So on today's last Coronacast of the year, we look forward to 2022 and offer some tips on how to stay safe this summer. We'll be back around February 2022! Thanks so much for listening and writing this year.
Wed, December 15, 2021
Wowsers, 25,000 cases a day?
As COVID numbers continue to rapidly increase in NSW - likely due to the Omicron variant - we're being warned that modelling is pointing to 25,000 cases a day by the end of January. Yesterday, NSW Health Minister Brad Hazzard talked about modelling by the University of NSW which said case numbers could reach heights not seen before in Australia. And it comes as NSW continues to let its foot off the restrictions brake, redefining what a close contact is. So is what is happening there likely to happen everywhere else in the country Omicron has found its way into? Also on today's show: * A very special guest!
Tue, December 14, 2021
Is NSW going to the dogs? (And does it matter?)
There was a large jump in COVID cases in NSW yesterday, and while we're largely moving on from day to day case numbers - this one is worth talking about. Why? Well, there's a new variant in town and health authorities are already suggesting that we can expect far more from Omicron in coming weeks. The same goes for other states and territories - like Victoria which still has higher daily figures than NSW, but hasn't yet seen a big jump. So on today's Coronacast what should we make of the rising caseload and does it matter? Also on today's show: * A deeper look at what's going on in South Africa * An announcement on Coronacast for 2022!
Mon, December 13, 2021
All our (travel) bubbles are bursting. What comes next?
After nearly two years of constant internal border changes, by the end of this week large parts of Australia will once again be open for domestic travel. South Australia opened a few weeks ago, Queensland opened yesterday and Tasmania is due to open tomorrow. Western Australia has also finally given a date and will reopen on the 5th of February next year. So with state and territory bubbles bursting all over the place, what might come next for people who live there? Also on today's show: * How is decoupling going? * Fourth dose anyone? * Pregnancy and booster shots
Sun, December 12, 2021
Why is the Moderna booster a half shot?
Australia now has two different booster options to choose from when the inevitable time comes for the third dose of coronavirus vaccine. Moderna was approved by the country's vaccine expert group ATAGI over the weekend. We'll also be able to get the booster a month earlier, with the Government announcing a shorter period due to the threat of waning immunity and new variants. So if Moderna is a choice, should you take it over Pfizer? Does it even matter? And why is the Moderna booster only a half shot? Also on today's show: * A preprint study has found that Astra seems to wane faster than other vaccines, leaving no protective effect against symptomatic disease from Omicron 15 weeks after the second dose. What could this mean for the country's booster campaign?
Thu, December 09, 2021
All roads lead to third doses
As the data from initial studies into how Omicron evades our immunity continue to flow in, it's becoming more and more likely that a third dose - or booster - is going to be essential. Several more studies have been released, all showing large falls in immunity to the Omicron variant. One thing that the studies imply though is that there are much higher antibody levels in people who have either been infected, or received a third dose. So how much will third doses be needed to combat Omicron? Also on today's show: Quick Fire Friday! (booster edition)
Wed, December 08, 2021
Omicron evades vaccines, but not all is lost
One of the first studies into Omicron and immunity has reported back and it's not super great news: there's significant evasion of antibodies produced by the Pfizer vaccine. But not all is lost. The study says that the Omicron variant uses the same way of getting into our cells, meaning our existing tools and techniques should be relatively easy to change so they work better. The study is not yet published, and is a very small sample size so it's worth keeping in mind that this is still a very new area of science and is subject to change. Nonetheless, as today's Coronacast explains, it does give us a glimpse of what is likely to come. Also on today's show: * Could a mozzie vaccinate someone by biting a vaxed person and then an unvaxed person? * Your booster experiences
Tue, December 07, 2021
Do vaccinated people get long COVID?
Beyond the nasty and sometimes life-threatening symptoms that COVID can bring, there's another risk: long COVID. It's the collection of prolonged symptoms including brain fog, smell loss and fatigue. And while we know that being vaccinated drastically reduces your risk of a bad bout of COVID itself, a lingering question has been whether it also protects you from long COVID. Well, according to a yet to be peer reviewed study, the answer is yes it does. Also on today's show: * Is there any research work being done to modify the virus to develop a relatively benign but transmissible COVID variant which could be released to "crowd out" the current dangerous variants? * Is there a chance that Omicron is different enough that instead of replacing Delta, you get both if not together then one after another? * And we're after your stories about getting third-doses. Was it easy? Or hard?
Mon, December 06, 2021
When (and how) will we know if Omicron is taking over?
Over the next several months, the fight between Delta and Omicron is going to be scientifically fascinating. In the red corner is the current world champion Delta, which easily beat out every other variant of concern to date. In the blue corner is the challenger Omicron, whose continued existence probably relies on its ability to beat out the champion. But how will we know who's winning and when will we get a better sense of it all? Also on today's show: * What makes a virus go viral? * Who decides which variants you make vaccines for? * What happens if Omicron turns up in a place with no Delta (like Queensland or Tasmania, for example)?
Sun, December 05, 2021
Omicron's latest clues are a bit concerning
It's been a bit more than a week since we learned of Omicron, the newest coronavirus variant of concern. And while we're still a while from knowing solid answers, the world's scientists have done an amazing job over the last 7 days unraveling parts of Omicron's mysteries. The three big questions are will our vaccines continue to work? For people who do get the virus, will it be severe and will it beat Delta to become the coronavirus champion of the world? So on today's Coronacast, what we know from the latest science about answering those big questions. Also on today's show * Does it escape previous immunity and/or our vaccines? * Is it better at spreading than Delta? * Does it matter? Does it make you sicker than previous variants? * Where's Dr Norman Swan's Omicronometer of Panic heading?
Thu, December 02, 2021
Pfizer, Moderna, au naturale? What works best!
Just like we're likely going to be stuck with COVID for the rest of our lives, we're probably also going to be stuck wondering which is the most effective vaccine to protect against it. Well lucky we've got science to help sort it out, with a new study putting the Moderna and Pfizer vaccines head-to-head across hundreds of thousands of people. And other scientists have been busy working out how much protection you have against reinfection, if you are infected in the first place. Also on today's show: * Quick Fire Friday * Tegan interrupts Quick Fire Friday with her own - excellent - Quick Fire Question.
Wed, December 01, 2021
Can Omicron evade our vaccines?
As the days tick by since Omicron was discovered, it's slowly spreading around the world. One example is reports of a couple of Israeli doctors who likely picked up Omicron in the United Kingdom, before flying back home. Their symptoms are said to be mild at the moment, but more worryingly, both of the doctors were fully vaccinated with Pfizer - that's all three doses. So what do we know about how Omicron works with our current vaccines? Also on today's show: * If we have been vaccinated to recognise the spike protein, why are variants so concerning? Is it the spike that changes?
Tue, November 30, 2021
Do we really know yet if Omicron is "milder"?
Nearly two years into the global coronavirus pandemic, it's probably safe to say that we're all pretty much ready for it to be done. So no wonder we're hoping that very early reports from South Africa are possibly, just maybe, indicating that the Omicron variant is "milder" than variants before. But how much evidence is there for that yet? Is it true, or just wishful thinking? Also on today's show: * Is it possible that the emergence of this variant is actually an encouraging development for the COVID pandemic? * No big changes yet for Australia's international borders * The Omicron variant mutation that might end up helping us (a bit) * In previous episodes you have mentioned that variants can "out compete" other variants. What exactly does this mean and what is the mechanism behind it? * An update to the Dr Norman Swan Omicronometer of Panic
Mon, November 29, 2021
The three theories of Omicron's origin
As the world desperately awaits news from scientists on anything Omicron, some experts have started thinking about where the variant might have come from. One theory is that it's from someone severely immunocompromised, where the virus has had millions of opportunities to evolve against a poor immune response. But it's far from the only theory. So on today's Coronacast, a few other possibilities of where - and when - Omicron might have popped into existence. Also on today's show: * The evolutionary lineage of Omicron * How should Australia be preparing? * The Dr Norman Swan Omicronometer of Panic is born
Sun, November 28, 2021
Hello Omicron. Goodbye Delta?
It's the news we didn't want: There's a new variant of concern in town and it's got all sorts of mutations just where you don't want them. It's also got a new fancy name: Omicron, and it's reportedly outpacing Delta in countries in southern Africa. But is it really? Is it more infectious? Is it more virulent? Is it vaccine resistant, and if so by how much? How much do we really know at the moment? Should I panic? Also on today's show: * What if the Omicron variant is the sort epidemiologists expected to see earlier in the pandemic: highly transmissible and less virulent?
Thu, November 25, 2021
How does COVID rank against other pandemics?
As pandemics go, the coronavirus one is pretty big. It rapidly spread around the world, and is still causing problems. But how does it compare to past pandemics? Are we actually living in a fortunate time in human history? If we could magically replace COVID with a bug from the past, would it be a good or bad idea? Would you prefer the plague? Syphilis? Perhaps a flu pandemic might tickle your fancy. Well to help you decide, on today's Coronacast, we go through the pandemics in history. Also on today's show: * Rapid antigen tests work well against Delta * Quick Fire Friday!
Wed, November 24, 2021
At 90%, what's the point of mandating vaccination?
All around the country at the moment are family discussions and debates about what to do about that one relative or friend who still doesn't want to get vaccinated. The numbers of double vaccinated people continue to rise as people realise it's in their benefit to get the jab. But there will always be holdouts, no matter what policies are put in place. So how much does it matter if someone at the Christmas party is unvaccinated when nearly 90 percent of us 12 or older are double dosed? Also on today's show: * How careful should my vaccinated pregnant daughter be about where she goes and who she sees? * What's the latest science on viral loads?
Tue, November 23, 2021
Will vaccination cause new variants?
When the slew of variants popped into existence last year, scientists began worrying what it could mean for vaccine resistant variants down the line. So far, the Delta variant has remained top dog. While it is much more infectious than the original coronavirus, thankfully it doesn't evade our vaccines by much. But what about down the line? As more and more of the world is vaccinated, will the virus find a way to evolve to get around vaccines? That’s on today’s Coronacast. Also on today’s show: * Lockdowns return to Europe * How is Japan doing such a good job? * What side effects can I expect from my Pfizer booster shot if I had AstraZeneca for my first and second shot?
Mon, November 22, 2021
COVID isn't the only thing coming this summer
As we start to reopen to the world, it's inevitable that we'll start to see more cases of COVID-19 travel over our international and domestic borders. But it's far from the only bug that will make the journey while travelling inside a human. Influenza is one viruses we've been largely protected from over the last 18 months, after international border closures put a halt to incoming flights. So on today's Coronacast, what do we have to keep in mind when reopening and can we protect ourselves and our kids against virus we haven't seen in quite a while. Also on today's show: * Will a third dose give me better protection against variants? * Is there any evidence that taking paracetamol or ibuprofen after vaccination would reduce the body's immune response?
Sun, November 21, 2021
Why it's not worth waiting for Novavax
It's become a common claim among people who are still COVID-19 vaccine hesitant, that they say they're "waiting for Novavax". While there are currently three safe and effective vaccines available in Australia, Novavax is still not approved for use. Australia ordered Novavax a year ago, but as yet there's still no sign of it and the TGA says its application for approval is still under evaluation. So on today's Coronacast, if someone says they're waiting for Novavax, here's what you might want to reply with. Also on today's show: * Is it best to have Astra as my third shot? * We want to hear from you! Please fill in our listener survey and tell us what you think of the show.
Thu, November 18, 2021
Why is Indigenous vaccination so patchy?
The head of the umbrella organisation for Australia's Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisations says she's nervous about the country's reopening over the next month. CEO of NACCHO Pat Turner says while some Indigenous communities are 100% fully vaccinated, others are far from done. She says part of the problem is state and territory governments wanting to leave it to the Commonwealth, and also certain religious groups bringing in misinformation and myths from the United States. On today's Coronacast, the patchy response to outbreaks in Indigenous communities and what else needs to be done before state borders reopen. GUEST:Pat Turner. CEO of the National Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation (NACCHO)
Wed, November 17, 2021
Don't be scared of bird flu headlines... yet
For obvious reasons, pandemics are pretty hot news right now. And it seems every few weeks, we see headlines about a possible new outbreak of potentially pandemic proportions. Thankfully, we haven't seen any new disease outbreaks yet, but it doesn't mean it won't happen sometime in the future. So what should we make of recent stories revealing a jump in avian influenza cases in 2021, and how likely is it that we'll be facing down a new pandemic anytime soon? Also on today's show: * A bit of a deeper dive into a recent article/story in the British Medical Journal, alleging issues with a trial site and its phase three trials of the Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine.
Tue, November 16, 2021
The NT's worst local COVID-19 day ever
When the NT's Chief Minister Michael Gunner held the COVID-19 press conference yesterday, he revealed news that many have been dreading. A significant cluster of COVID has been detected, and all the people who were announced yesterday to have contracted the disease are Indigenous Australians. It's the worst day ever for local cases in the NT since the pandemic began. That's on today's Coronacast. Also on today's show: * Where's our vaccination compensation scheme? * Very good news on boosters/third dose * If I've had two doses of Astra and we know that its efficacy wanes quite quickly, where does that leave me after a dose of Pfizer for my third dose? Have I caught up with all the people who had two doses of Pfizer or will I forever have less protection?
Mon, November 15, 2021
One week until SA throws open the doors
Nerves are running high in South Australia, as the state is now only one week away from opening the doors and inevitably letting COVID in. South Australia is leading the way for zero-COVID states, and will be the first to open its doors to people travelling from Victoria, NSW and ACT. It has a vaccination rate that is slowly increasing and may just get to 80 per cent fully vaccinated 16+ by next week. But on today's Coronacast, many are worried about what the future may hold. Also on today's show: * Good news for antibodies in breast milk * Just because you think you had COVID, doesn't mean you did
Sun, November 14, 2021
Europe's first winter with Delta is already looking grim
Australians know full well that the Delta variant loves winter. As the weather warms up here things are looking up, but overseas it's getting colder and case numbers in Europe are rising. Hopefully the heavy impact of winter and Delta won't be felt, thanks to high levels of vaccination in many western European countries. But on today's Coronacast, it hasn't stopped the reimposition of some public health control measures in Denmark. Also on today's show: * Since the pandemic started there's been a massive ramping up of technology development relating to vaccines. If they can develop a vaccine for a new pathogen so quickly, what's next?
Thu, November 11, 2021
Shouldn't Victoria's numbers be falling by now?
When it was clear that the daily new COVID cases in Victoria had peaked, there was hope and speculation that the numbers would drop off quickly like what happened in NSW. But sadly, we're still getting about more than a thousand new cases a day and it's starting to level off at that figure. NSW has levelled off too lately, but at a much lower level of only a couple of hundred a day. So what could be going on and why aren't Victoria's numbers falling faster? And does it matter? Also on today's show: * Could anti-virals cause unvaccinated people to double down on not being vaccinated? * If you are due for a booster in the middle of the summer, might it be much better to wait until April/May and have the next shot when it starts to get colder? * Does Norman hate South Australia?
Wed, November 10, 2021
How do I talk to people who don't want to be vaccinated?
As vaccination rates increase and restrictions ease, plenty of us are starting to make plans for the Christmas and New Year breaks. But in most of Australia, restrictions aren't easing for everyone. For many people who aren't vaccinated, restrictions are staying or even getting harsher. So is this fair? Is it an effective way of getting the vaccination rate up? And how do you navigate tricky conversations with loved ones who don't feel the same way as you about the vax? GUEST:Professor Julie Leask, a social scientist and professor in the Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney.
Tue, November 09, 2021
Let's dust off the crystal ball!
With the news that NSW has hit 90 percent double vaccination in 16+, with other parts of the country to follow soon, you could be forgiven for thinking that the pandemic is finally over. But like it or not, we're still living through a pandemic and it's likely in the coming months there'll continue to be outbreaks and waves of COVID-19. It's not all bad news though. New drugs are likely to come online soon giving doctors even more tools to treat infections and prevent deaths. So what else could be in store for us in 2022? On today's Coronacast, we pull out the crystal ball for some blatant speculation.
Mon, November 08, 2021
Keeping schools open through COVID outbreaks
When the Doherty model was released a few months ago, it set Australia on a path to reopening at various stages of vaccination. Now that the country has hit 80 per cent double dose for 16+, experts from Doherty, Burnet and other organisations have released new models on what we can expect a little further down the line. One of the big ones is how schools can remain open - even when positive cases are detected - so long as students are tested regularly via rapid antigen testing. And the new Doherty modelling has possible ways forward for international arrivals, and vulnerable remote Indigenous communities. Also on today's show: * Why is a booster necessary? After having been double vaccinated, even if the antibody level has waned, shouldn't the memory cells of the immune system kick into action?
Sun, November 07, 2021
A lot of little kids are getting COVID. Why?
The largest age group of active COVID cases in Victoria at the moment are kids, under 9 years old. While hard to compare directly, it's a similar story in NSW. Kids are currently unable to be vaccinated, leaving them vulnerable to infection as more COVID circulates through the community - though thankfully, disease is often very mild in children. But on today's Coronacast, overseas experiences tell us that as more and more kids get COVID, we'll see more rare, but serious events popup. Also on today's show: * Are any of the rapid antigen tests approved/suitable for young children? * Do we have another COVID treatment with that new Pfizer anti-viral drug?
Thu, November 04, 2021
How many people have really died from COVID?
The world passed a grim milestone a few days ago: 5 million deaths from COVID-19 and counting. But the reality is, that the actual deaths from the pandemic are much, much higher. Estimating how high is hard, but researchers can use data around excess deaths - ie, an increase beyond the normal number of people who die on average year to year - as a guide. So on today's Coronacast, why reported COVID deaths are probably grossly underestimated. Also on today's show: * Australia's vaccination rate starts to slow * Who are we missing in relation to vaccination?
Wed, November 03, 2021
Let's talk about kids and vaccine side effects
A program to vaccinate children in the United States has come closer to reality, after the CDC endorseds the use of COVID-19 shots in kids from 5 to 11. Australian health authorities and regulators have yet to decide if it should happen here, but it is expected to happen in the next couple of months. There has been some debate about whether kids should be vaccinated, with some questioning the very small risks versus the rewards. So on today's Coronacast, what do we know about health problems in children from the vaccine compared to getting COVID-19 itself? Also on today's show: * More on rapid antigen tests * A new COVID treatment?
Tue, November 02, 2021
Is NSW going to run out of people to vaccinate?
The rules for fully vaccinated people in NSW are changing for the better next week, with a bunch of restrictions being lifted early thanks to high vaccination rates. But the unvaccinated will have to wait with restrictions longer, as the state aims for even higher levels of vaccination across the population. NSW, Victoria and the ACT are showing that it's possible to get to 95 per cent 12+ vaccination, which is resulting in case numbers falling. So on today's Coronacast, at the rate we're going, when might we run out of arms to stick needles into? Also on today's show: * More on finding which rapid-antigen test is best * If we vaccinated everyone in the world, would SARS-CoV-2 die off?
Mon, November 01, 2021
Why so long between scary variants?
It was in early May when the Delta variant was officially listed as a variant of concern. Delta turned out to be far more contagious than previous variants, and challenged Australia's public health response. But since then, there haven't been any new variants of concern listed by the World Health Organisation, though there have been a couple of new variants of interest. So why not? And what do we know about the AY4.2 variant that's causing some concern in the UK? Also on today's show: * Should I go overseas on holiday? * My friends believe that the only benefit of being vaccinated to prevent oneself from severe disease. Is this true?
Sun, October 31, 2021
Finally we can test ourselves at home!
From today, you can buy rapid antigen tests from the shop and use them on yourself to see if you've got COVID-19 or not. Previously, the home, general-public use of antigen tests wasn't available for purchase by the general public. So with a bunch of them on the market for the first time, what should you keep in mind and how do they differ from the usual PCR test we're so used to? That's on today's Coronacast. GUEST: Dr Ian Norton, Managing Director, Respond Global
Thu, October 28, 2021
Boy do you have booster questions! Let's answer some
Australians over 18 years of age who've waited six months from their second COVID vaccine will be given the chance to grab a booster shot if they want one. While the focus will be on aged care and healthcare workers to start, yesterday, the expert panel on vaccinations approved the use of Pfizer booster doses. And - at the moment - it's being sold as a boost, not a requirement to be considered "fully vaccinated" So on today's Coronacast, how did ATAGI come to its recommendation and what can we expect in the months ahead? Also on today's show: * Only Pfizer is approved at the moment, but I want Moderna. Should I wait? * What about mixing vaccines? * Is Norman back at the gym?
Wed, October 27, 2021
Should a 3rd dose be required to be FULLY vaccinated?
Australia's expert vaccination panel may soon tick off on a major expansion to the country's coronavirus vaccination program, paving the way for third doses to be administered. Yesterday, the medicines regulator the TGA approved Pfizer for use as a third dose - sometimes referred to as a booster - for Australians aged 18 or over after six months after their second dose. But despite the third dose boosting immunity, the Federal Government says they won't require it to be considered fully vaccinated. Also on today's show: * How does the TGA and ATAGI work in approving and recommending vaccines? * Why only 18 years or over? * Can I go get it a bit early? * What about side effects?
Tue, October 26, 2021
Will vaccines stop me getting long COVID?
One of the big unknowns with coronavirus is why some people are left with symptoms from the illness long after they test negative. It's known as long COVID, and studies overseas suggest it affects more than half of people who get COVID to varying degrees of severity. So now we're nearly two years into the coronavirus pandemic, have we learnt more about long-COVID and what type of symptoms seem to be most common? And because Australia has been fortunate enough to get to high levels of vaccination before massive outbreaks, are we likely to avoid the worst of it? Also on today's show: * Is Norman at odds with Australia's chief medical officer on vaccines waning? * Some of my friends in WA are hesitant to get the vaccine and anti-mandate. What do I do?
Mon, October 25, 2021
How do I protect the vulnerable people I love?
As more states open their borders in coming months, more COVID than ever will be circulating through the community. Vaccines will help protect many of us, but for vulnerable people - like the elderly or immunocompromised - additional protections may be needed. So if you have someone close that is more vulnerable to severe disease from a COVID-19 infection, what are some of the things you can do to help reduce the risk? Also on today's show: * 2nd generation vaccines vs natural immunity * Will my pets need to be vaccinated too? * Are there/will there be any plant based COVID vaccines? * A study on fertility and the AstraZeneca vaccine (no problems found)
Sun, October 24, 2021
How will we know if we're reopening too fast?
As more and more of the country is vaccinated, state and territory governments are starting to outline which restrictions we will lose when we reach very high levels of coverage. Over the weekend, Victoria revealed that when it reaches 90 per cent double dose in a month there will be no density caps, and masks will only be mandatory at certain high-risk settings. But how do we know when is the right time to lift restrictions and what can we learn from countries that have been this way before? Also on today's show: * Surgical masks give me "mascne" so I was going to invest in some 100 per cent silk reusable masks that are less likely to cause breakouts. They have a cotton interior but do you think they'd be effective enough against Delta? * When a zero-COVID state opens up with hopefully high vaccination rates, will it be more vulnerable because there is no natural immunity in the community from infections?
Thu, October 21, 2021
Norman's moving the goal posts again everyone
There's been all sorts of vaccination targets bandied about over the last year: 70 per cent, 80 per cent, 16+ eligibility, 12+ eligibility. It never seems to end. But what if - and this might not make you happy because it seems almost impossible at the moment - the real target should be 95 per cent? It's been done overseas: in Portugal and Iceland. So what would it take to do it here and what benefits do you get? Also on today's show: * Vaccine mandates are coming * When will we have a vaccine approved for children under 12yrs? * Where's Novavax? * Where's Ollie? Wally? What?
Wed, October 20, 2021
Reopening with thousands of cases a day
Greater Melbourne will finally come out of lockdown a minute before the strike of midnight tonight, which will be a huge relief to millions of people. But the city comes out of lockdown with high daily caseloads - with the rolling five day average being around 1850. When NSW came out of lockdown, its daily caseload was much lower - and has remained low and is showing no signs of increasing again. So can we expect cases to fall in Melbourne? Rise? Level off? And does reopening with a large caseload in a highly vaccinated population even matter? Also on today's show: * Australia hits 70 per cent double-dosed * Norman wants to see some quokkas * What is the difference going to be for Victoria opening up with so many more cases than NSW? * Can you get COVID-19 three times?
Tue, October 19, 2021
A third dose? When will it end!
When the various states and territories report their daily vaccination rates as a mix of single and double doses, should they perhaps also be adding in third doses? The COVID-19 vaccines in Australia are currently limited to two doses, but so far only immunocompromised people have been approved to get a third shot. So should that be extended to older people and perhaps healthcare workers who got their vaccine in March or April? On today's Coronacast, all your questions about the third dose including waning protection from Astra and Pfizer, timing and when to count it all from. Also: thank you to all our listeners - especially those who've listened to all 400 episodes of Coronacast. You are champions!
Mon, October 18, 2021
Queensland sets the date to end COVID-zero
Until now, a lot of the worry about COVID-19 in Australia has been about how zero-COVID states will rejoin NSW, Victoria and the ACT. Well yesterday, Queensland put its plan forward saying that December 17, 2021 is the date its borders will be broadly reopened once again to other states, including hotspots. So with vaccination rates in Queensland lagging, will this be the push some need to go and get the jab? And what might it mean for other zero-COVID states? Also on today's show: * Third doses and Norman's mea culpa * Southern Tasmania comes out of lockdown * Your ideas to boost vaccination rates
Sun, October 17, 2021
The end of Victoria's lockdown era is finally here
Victoria's lockdown will end this Thursday night, when the state expects to reach its first vaccine goal of 70 per cent double vaccinated. Reasons to leave the home and the curfew will be lifted, which will be a huge relief to the people of Melbourne which have suffered through many long lockdowns. But it's not as if the pandemic will end this week: many working in the hospital system are in for a rough time as the state opens up. Also on today's show * Mixing and matching boosters * NSW hits 80 per cent. What comes next? * The new drug Ronapreve. What is it?
Thu, October 14, 2021
What's coming after Delta?
The arrival of the Delta variant really was a massive curveball that few experts saw coming. It ripped through populations overseas and quickly punched holes in Fortress Australia. It especially challenged our public health response with its incredible infectiousness and has taken hold in NSW, Victoria and ACT. But how did Delta come into existence in the first place? And as more and more of us are vaccinated, what might come next as the SARS-CoV-2 virus continues to evolve? On today's Coronacast, a very special guest explains all. GUEST: * University of Sydney evolutionary biologist Professor Eddie Holmes
Wed, October 13, 2021
What's COVID done to the world's mental health?
It's sometimes easy to forget that the COVID-19 pandemic affects more than just physical health. It also taken a massive toll on mental health. And according to some new research, the two pandemic factors that lead to the worst mental health outcomes are rising case numbers and lockdowns. Globally, the most affected groups are young people and women, and poorer countries in particular have seen higher mental health burdens. Also on today's show: * Why do some people get sicker from COVID than others? * You seem confident we will get booster shots but I heard Dr Paul Kelly sat last week that there is evidence to suggest not - that the vaccine may even last a lifetime? Did I hear incorrectly? * I live in a rural community and regularly drive past the sewerage works. The smell is often very noticeable. Is there a risk of virus carrying aerosol droplets leading to catching COVID?
Tue, October 12, 2021
What do zero-COVID states have ahead of them?
A lot of the discussion about COVID lately has been on the big outbreaks in NSW, Victoria and the ACT, and less about states that don't have current outbreaks. But as states like WA, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania and the Northern Territory start to plan their border reopenings, it also means COVID will eventually find its way in. So what can the smaller and still COVID free states expect in coming months? Will cases skyrocket in a highly vaccinated population? And will people there have to get used to restrictions that currently don't apply? Also on today's show: * What does full vaccination mean for getting (or not getting) long COVID? * We keep hearing the risk for under 12s is very low. Could you please clarify the best understanding of the hospitalisation, death, and long COVID risk for children under 12s?
Mon, October 11, 2021
Are we all just going to get COVID eventually?
While COVID-19 is currently in two of Australia's states and the ACT, the reality is eventually it will get everywhere. And eventually, the theory goes, COVID-19 will infect everyone. Vaccination will help stop the vast majority of people getting severe symptoms which may put them in hospital, but there'll always be people who can't or won't be immunised. So does getting COVID-19 after being vaccinated help with longer term immunity? And therefore if you're fully vaccinated, is it worth trying to get infected on purpose? Also on today's show: * How many people don't get their second dose? * What might happen now in NSW?
Sun, October 10, 2021
OMG lockdown's lifting and I'm just not ready
Many restrictions are being lifted in NSW today, after the state last week hit the 70 percent double vaccination target. For many, it's a time to reconnect with loved ones and start to live life once again - this time in a more COVID-normal way. But for others, the reopening is both exciting and a bit nerve wracking - as people take time to re-adjust. Also on today's show: * I'm worried about my kids going back to school * What's going on with Moderna and myocarditis/pericarditis in young men?
Thu, October 07, 2021
NSW's bigger than expected step out of lockdown
NSW will take its first step out of lockdown on Monday, and it'll be slightly bigger than expected. The state's new Premier has made some small changes in relation to what fully vaccinated people will be able to do in just a few days. So what can we expect to case numbers, vaccination rates, hospitalisation and ICU admissions? And what about the rest of the country - like Victoria and ACT - which will be taking the same steps as NSW in coming weeks and months? On today's Coronacast, a very special guest to help talks us through all the data.
Wed, October 06, 2021
Life as a vaccinated close contact...
As case numbers continue to decline in NSW and the date for opening up gets closer, the state has started to provide details on how isolation requirements for close contacts might work for the vaccinated. For vaccinated people, isolation after close contact will be halved if you're vaccinated - though movement restrictions may still apply. It's just one of many changes coming for people in NSW and Victoria - and likely other states in coming months - as more risk tolerant ,COVID-normal policies are implemented. So on today's Coroancast, what could it look like and how have other parts of the world handled it? Also on today's show: * Why are you dissing Tamiflu? * Tegan's etymology club gains more members. It's got four people now!
Tue, October 05, 2021
Where is Victoria's peak?
Victoria posted a new national record for new COVID cases day yesterday, with 1763 cases. There have been a number of worrying big days recently, and there are few signs that the outbreak is slowing down in any meaningful way. So what could be going on, especially considering vaccination levels in Victoria are now higher than they were in NSW when that state hit its peak several weeks ago. That's on today's Coronacast. Also on today's show: * Kids and schools and ventilation * I know this could change any second, but how have we managed to dodge so many bullets in Queensland? * Can you tell me what the difference is between a 12 year old and a 10 year old getting vaccinated? * Tegan starts a drug name etymology club. Who wants in?!
Mon, October 04, 2021
The vaccine is working! Here's how we can tell
NSW is only days away from hitting the 70 per cent double dose vaccination figure, which will see the city begin its reopening from early next week. And while Victoria is a few weeks behind, hospitalisation and ICU data there are showing dramatic drop offs in the percentages who are admitted. It's yet another success story for COVID-19 vaccines, and hopefully is a sign of even better things to come. But on today's Coronacast, if vaccines are so successful why are we hearing about more people in hospital for COVID treatment who have had a shot? Also on today's show: * All you questions on COVID-19 treatments answered: we talk molnupiravir and sotrovimab
Thu, September 30, 2021
Faster to lockdown - so why is the curve the same?
'Go hard, go early' was the playbook when there was a Delta outbreak in Victoria in early August. But nearly two months later the state is on the same curve as NSW was. So why is Victoria tracking the same way NSW did when it responded more quickly? And does it mean we can expect the curve to bend when vaccination rates rise? Also on today's show: * If I successfully fend of an infection, does that help my immune system? * What's the ideal gap for AstraZeneca vaccination? * Quick Fire Friday returns with: What Would Norman Do?
Wed, September 29, 2021
How are Australia's outbreaks tracking?
The outbreaks in NSW and Victoria are now large enough that it's impossible to follow what's happening with the detail that we once used to be able to. But one thing that we should keep an eye on is hospitalisation and deaths coming from the outbreaks. In NSW, it seems as though hospitalisations are falling - as more people come forward for vaccinations. In Victoria, the numbers are still rising. So on today's Coronacast, how are Australia's outbreaks tracking? And what might we expect in coming weeks? Also on today's show: * Hello South Australia * Clarifications about Monday's episode on Pfizer transmission data
Tue, September 28, 2021
What does DIY COVID testing mean for the months ahead?
The medicines regulator in Australia has paved the way for home-testing COVID-19 kits to be made available from November 1st. Currently, the most common way people are tested for COVID is via a PCR test, which requires at least a day's wait, a lab and fancy equipment. But soon, people will be able to do a rapid antigen test at home and get a result in 15 minutes. So on today's Coronacast, what is a rapid antigen test? And why might it be more useful as we start to reopen? Also on today's show: * Whatever happened to fully vaccinated meaning 2 doses + 2 weeks? * Norman, when do you think you will feel comfortable boarding an airplane?
Mon, September 27, 2021
What can the world tell us about reopening?
With nearly 52 per cent of Australians over 16 years now fully vaccinated, there is more and more talk about opening up once it's safe. But there are other parts of the world that are a bit ahead of us, opening up and removing all restrictions. The UK removed restrictions in July, Denmark ended COVID restrictions two weeks ago, and Norway removed restrictions over the weekend. So on today's Coronacast, what can we learn from those countries on our own path to eventually reopening? Also on today's show: * You said that Pfizer drops 22 per cent every month in effectiveness. Does this mean that after 5 months if you had Pfizer, you're no longer protected against COVID? * Is there any risk of catching the virus from swimming pool water?
Sun, September 26, 2021
Are vaccines better at preventing infection than we thought?
Australia's vaccination rate increasing over the weeks has been a thing of beauty to watch, and hopefully soon will help pay out dividends. But along with helping prevent the hospital system from collapsing, vaccines might be better than we thought at helping you avoid catching COVID-19 at all. A pre-print study out of the UK has recently reported back in a massive study and has been able to slice and dice all sorts of variables when it comes to avoiding COVID. But there are some interesting differences depending on which vaccine you got.
Thu, September 16, 2021
Is the path out of lockdowns a one-way street?
*** AFTER THIS EPISODE, WE'RE TAKING A WEEK OFF! WE'LL BACK ON THE 27TH SEPTEMBER! *** Victorians have hit their first big vaccine milestone of 70 percent first dose coverage, and have been given a slight reprieve in lockdown restrictions. Small outdoor gatherings, increased distances of travel for shopping or exercise and reopening of outdoor exercise equipment are some of the changes. But as Melbourne - and Sydney - take small steps to eventual reopening, what are the chances that they - or other parts of the country - will end up back in lockdown down the line? Also on today's show: * Do NSW data show that our vaccines might be better at preventing infection than we thought? * Peer reviewed data from Israel shows boosters work for the Pfizer vaccine * How long will it be until a person with COVID-19 does not need to isolate for 14 days? * Has any research been conducted to determine a difference in vaccine reactions between males and females? * My son is 15 months old and has never been sick. Is there any research about what COVID-19 might do with an almost completely new immune system?
Wed, September 15, 2021
Is the NSW curve bending or flattening?
NSW yesterday hit a new milestone for vaccination in Australia. More than 80 per cent of the state has now had their first dose of a COVID-19 vaccine, and it's still rocketing along. While it's still several more weeks before the 70 per cent double vaccination targets are met, for everyone under lockdown it's a wonderful thing to see. Add to that the hope that the state could be starting to see that the curve in new cases is levelling off. Also on today's show: * Lockdowns see life get worse for many Australians * What are the chances of someone taking the COVID-19 virus to a gym or club, pub or restaurant if only the fully vaccinated are allowed in?
Tue, September 14, 2021
Why vaccinated people shouldn't have more freedoms (quite yet)
Fully vaccinated people in NSW are counting down the days until they can get some additional freedoms when the state reaches the 70 per cent vaccination rate. But some experts are warning that releasing the brake too quickly might see case numbers and then hospitalisations shoot up again So why could cases once again rise when 70 per cent of the eligible population is fully vaccinated? That's on today's Coronacast. Also on today's show: * Dr Swan said he would not go back to the gym at 70 per cent vaccination rates. Why not? As a fully vaccinated person isn't it safe? * Cases dropping in NSW? ACT goes another month for lockdowns and Victoria still struggling * Western Australians over 60 can get Pfizer jab now. Should we redirect the vaccine to NSW and/or Victoria?
Mon, September 13, 2021
Even with high vaccination, we might need more ...
We keep hearing that vaccination might not be enough to get us out of the grip of COVID - so what will be enough? Well, a new group of Australian experts has taken a stab at the types of interventions that may be required alongside vaccination if we are to successfully live with COVID-19. While high vaccination rates are part of it, it also includes measures like proper ventilation in buildings, vaccinating children when possible, masks and extra vaccine doses. So on today's Coronacast, how might we live with COVID-19 in 2022? Also on today's show: * What was the first year of COVID like in Australia for our health? * Updates on NSW and Victoria.
Sun, September 12, 2021
Moderna is coming! What is it again?
A new vaccine will be arriving next week in Australia, to help bolster vaccine rates and protect Australians from COVID-19. The Moderna vaccine, known by its brand name Spikevax or by its scientific name mRNA-1273, is the country's third vaccine to be administered to the public. The Federal Government yesterday announced additional supplies of Moderna, in addition to the ten million doses already coming later this year. So on today's Coronacast, who is Moderna? And what can we expect from this vaccine? Also on today's show: * Will Norman go back to the Gym at 70 per cent? * What do we know about the COVID-19 vaccine on pregnancy?
Thu, September 09, 2021
NSW's big (risky?) leap to reopening!
The NSW Government has released its plan on what will happen once the state passes the 70 per cent double-vaccination target. Changes for fully vaccinated people include abilities to visit more hospitality and retail venues, visit each other at home and head back into stadiums. But the 70 per cent double-vaccination target is only of eligible people, so works out to be roughly 56 per cent of the whole population. So on today's Coronacast, how risky is the plan? Also on today's show: * Vaccine passports! Coming to a place near you. How might they work and how reliable are they?
Wed, September 08, 2021
What might the next few weeks look like?
After a massive few months of outbreaks and lockdowns popping up across the country, things seem to have stabilised a bit lately. While health authorities remain on alert around the nation, serious outbreaks are being managed in three jurisdictions: NSW, Victoria and ACT. Everyone is racing towards high levels of vaccination to either control the outbreak or to avoid the worst of it if another one pops up. So on today's Coronacast, how is everything going and the race to 80 per cent plus. Also on today's show: * If you've been double vaccinated, isn't it better to get exposed to covid to get a good immune response rather than getting a booster shot? * What is the rate of hospitalisation once we reach 70 per cent (16+) and 80 per cent vaccinated?
Tue, September 07, 2021
I know the vaccine will protect me, but will it protect others?
We keep hearing that the coronavirus vaccine isn't 100 per cent effective in stopping transmission of the virus from one person to another. And so you could be forgiven for thinking, well what's the point of getting vaccinated if it only protects you from severe disease and doesn't help protect others around you. Well, the good news is that it does help protect others because it does lower the risk of transmitting the virus, and we have the evidence to prove it. That's on today's Coronacast. Also on today's show: * Are we getting to the peak of the outbreak in NSW? * Why do you have to inject the COVID-19 vaccine?
Mon, September 06, 2021
Why aren't more Indigenous people vaccinated?
As we race towards our national COVID-19 vaccination targets, it's sometimes easy to forget that broad averages like 70 and 80 per cent don't always tell the full story. One area in particular to keep an eye on is the vaccination rate for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Indigenous Australians are well behind non-Indigenous Australians in the vaccination rollout across large parts of the country. So on today's Coronacast, what are the barriers to First Nations' people being vaccinated? Also on today's show: * When will NSW peak? * Duration of peak infectiousness
Sun, September 05, 2021
Is it fair to wait to reopen until kids are vaccinated?
As Australia's vaccine rollout continues to grow, and more people get the opportunity to be vaccinated, attention is turning to those who can't. From the 13th September, kids aged 12-15 can get their jab. But many are wondering when - or if - children younger than that may get their chance. And in Queensland, Premier Anna Palaszczuk has suggested delaying opening up until kids under 12 can get a shot - but there are still no vaccines approved anywhere in the world for that age group. So on today's Coronacast, what do we know about young children and Delta? And is it fair to wait until they too can be vaccinated? Also on today's show: * Does vaccination reduce your risk of long COVID? * And what do we know about AstraZeneca and booster doses?
Thu, September 02, 2021
Boost me baby! Should we all actually have three doses?
It's well known by now that you need to have both doses of whatever vaccine you have for the best possible protection against coronavirus. But what if it actually takes three shots to get there? We are learning more and more about immunity against COVID-19 from overseas experiences, including a successful booster program in Israel. So might the ol' two dose vaccine regime actually take three? That's on today's Coronacast.
Wed, September 01, 2021
Victoria gives up on donut days forever
There are to be no large changes to Victoria's lockdown restrictions, after a large jump in cases overnight and Government acceptance that the Delta outbreak can't be brought back to zero. Apart from some small changes, such as reopening playgrounds, people in Melbourne will remain in lockdown until vaccine levels get high enough. But that's not to say the lockdown in both Victoria and NSW has been without success. Modelling has shown many tens of thousands of cases have been prevented with the extreme social distancing. So on today's Coronacast, what happened in Victoria and what could it mean for other states? Also on today's show: * An interesting study from Hong Kong on eye sight and lockdowns. * My kid's best friends come from a family that's vehemently opposed to the vaccine. We hang out all the time. I'm not going to convince them and I don't want to stop being with them but I'm concerned there is additional risk there for us. What should I do?
Tue, August 31, 2021
From COVID-zero to the ultimate balancing act
The Victorian Government will today announce details around how it plans to manage COVID-19 cases as it rushes to vaccinate as many people as possible. Yesterday, Premier Daniel Andrews said he'd be meeting with health officials to develop thresholds for the easing of the lockdown, where possible. It's a move away from the COVID-zero goal of the past, as it appears unlikely that the state will manage to eliminate the spread of the Delta variant. So on today's Coronacast, is this a new medium term strategy of balancing caseloads with the hope enough people will be vaccinated before the health system crumbles? Also on today's show: * Is there any research on having a mRNA shot first followed by Astra in terms of efficacy and safety? * An interesting study on COVID-19 and immune-mediated inflammatory diseases
Mon, August 30, 2021
Why is the "worst month" for NSW in October?
It was another record day yesterday for NSW in COVID-19 cases, and the wave is showing no signs of slowing down. And yesterday in even more grim news, the Premier Gladys Berejiklian flagged that October would be the worst month for hospitals and ICU units. That's despite the vaccination rate in NSW charging ahead thanks to a population rushing forward to be vaccinated and additional supply helping things out. So on today's Coronacast, why is October being tipped to be bad when the vaccine rate is growing so quickly? Also on today's show: * What can we learn about long-COVID from the people who've lived with it longest? * I am confused by the target of 70 to 80 per cent immunisation before opening up. There is a very big difference between 70 and 80. Can you explain please? * What's the likelihood that our third doses of mRNA vaccine will have been changed to specifically target the Delta variant?
Sun, August 29, 2021
Didn't Victoria do everything right?
Case numbers in both Victoria and NSW continue to climb, with both states yesterday posting new daily records for this year. While Victoria's daily cases are far behind NSW, Victoria is on a similar trajectory as NSW was - despite locking down hard and early. So what's going on? Why are cases continuing to rise? Also on today's show: * ATAGI recommends vaccinations for 12-15 year olds * With kids getting the vaccines, what will that mean for the 70/80 per cent targets (as more people are now getting vaccinated) * What is the likelihood of an even more transmissible or deadly strain emerging and what should we be doing to be ready for it?
Thu, August 26, 2021
Despite 1000+ cases, a sliver of freedom for NSW
Fully vaccinated NSW residents will be given a very small increase in freedoms, after the state reached more than 6 million vaccination doses earlier this week. The state's Premier Gladys Berejiklian yesterday revealed that from mid-September, people who are fully vaccinated will be able to meet more people or spend more time outdoors - depending on where they live. But it wasn't all good news, with the state revealing more than 1000 new COVID-19 cases - the highest it's been in Australia at any point of the pandemic. So on today's Coronacast, is this a turning point in how lockdowns operate as we move on from trying to eliminate COVID spread? Also on today's show: * How are we supposed to keep following the rules when we get nothing in return? * Please tell us about Lambda and AY3. Should we be concerned?
Wed, August 25, 2021
Does Pfizer wear off more quickly?
You might have heard a friend or family member say 'I'm waiting for Pfizer', on the assumption that the mRNA vaccine works better than others. But according to a recent study from the University of Oxford, immunity from the Pfizer vaccine may actually start to wane faster than AstraZeneca. A month ago, Israel began a program of booster shots, giving older people a third shot of the vaccine to try and help tame a growing outbreak of the Delta variant. So on today's Coronacast, what do we know about how long immunity may last? Also on today's show: * What effect would it have on our community if those who are fully vaccinated were given some benefits, such as reduced restrictions? * When do we stop contact tracing altogether?
Tue, August 24, 2021
What are the assumptions in the Doherty Model?
The Doherty Institute Model is the hottest ticket in town, with everyone from politicians to punters talking about what happens when we reach 70 and 80 per cent vaccination levels. But there are a lot of assumptions that have to be made to come up with a model, and Doherty Institute's plan is no different. Among other things, it assumes a certain level of cases, a functioning contact tracing system even at high numbers and vaccines that keep us immune to COVID-19. But on today's Coronacast, how valid are those assumptions in the real world?
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